Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

SNS response:

Answer 1

Increased cardiac output and SVR
Bronchodilation
Increase serum glucose
Dilates pupils
Inhibits eating and procreating

Question 2

SNS: Also called thoracolumbar system: all neurons are in lateral horn of gray matter from ____-____

Answer 2

T1-L2

Question 3

Norepinephrine (aka noradrenaline) is neurotransmitter released by most _____ ______ _____.

Answer 3

postganglionic “adrenergic” fibers

Question 4

PNS response:

Answer 4

Prepares the body to eat and procreate
Decreases cardiac output and SVR
Bronchoconstricts
Constricts the pupils

Question 5

Also called the________ system because all preganglionic neurons are in the brain stem or sacral levels of the spinal cord

Answer 5

Craniosacral

Question 6

They originate in cranial nerves__,___,____ and ___and lateral horn of gray matter from __-__-.

Answer 6

III,VII, IX and X
S2-S4

Question 7

_________ is neurotransmitter at end organ as well as at preganglionic synapse: “cholinergic”

Answer 7

Acetylcholine

Question 8

In adults, tone is dominated by the ___
In children under 10 years old, tone is dominated by the ____

Answer 8

SNS and PNS

Question 9

Presynaptic Neurotransmitters
For both the SNS and PNS:
Neurotransmitter =

Target Receptor =

Answer 9

Acetylcholine
Nicotinic

Question 10

Postsynaptic Neurotransmitters:

Sympathetic NS - ___________
Post-synaptic Neurotransmitter = __________
Receptors on target organs = __________
Autonomic innervation of the______ ______is the exception

Answer 10

“Adrenergic”
Norepinephrine
Alpha and Beta
Adrenal Glands

Question 11

Postsynaptic Neurotransmitters:

Parasympathetic NS : ________
Post-synaptic Neurotransmitter = __________
Receptors on target organs = ________

Answer 11

“Cholinergic”
Acetylcholine
Muscarinic

Question 12

Excessive simulation of the parasympathetic?:

Answer 12

“DUMBBBELS”
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Bronchorrhoea
Lacrimation
Salivation

Question 13

Beta Adrenergic Receptors: Beta-1 (Heart)

Answer 13

Increases HR (+ chronotrope)
Increases AV node conduction (+ dromotrope)
Increases contractility (+ Inotrope)
Increases diastolic relaxation (+ Lusitrope)
Isoproterenol (Isuprel) > Epi = NE

Question 14

Beta Adrenergic Receptors:
Beta-2 — Smooth muscle relaxation

Answer 14

Vasodilation
Bronchodilation
Uterine muscle relaxation
Isuprel > Epi&raquo_space; NE

Question 15

Cholinergic Receptors:
Nicotinic

Answer 15

Autonomic ganglia
Adrenal Medulla
(NMJ skeletal muscle)

Question 16

Cholinergic Receptors:
Muscarinic

Answer 16

Decreases HR
Decreases AV node conduction
Decreases Contractility
Decreases diastolic relaxation
Bronchoconstriction
Vasodilation

Question 17

Location and function of Muscarinic Receptors: M1

Answer 17

Autonomic ganglia: depolarization, alters nerve messaging

Gastric glands: histamine release and acid secretion

Brain: increase memory, attention, emotional responses

Question 18

Location and function of Muscarinic Receptors: M2

Answer 18

Heart: reduces HR, slows AV node conduction, reduces force of contraction

Question 19

Location and function of Muscarinic Receptors: M3

Answer 19

GI tract and Gallbladder: smooth muscle contraction

Pupils: regulates pupil constriction

Glands: promotes eye, mouth, sinus, lung and skin lubrication

Blood Vessels: increases vasodilation

Question 20

A group of long preganglionic neurons innervate modified postganglionic cells in the adrenal medulla called _______ ______These cells release epinephrine (___%), NE (____%)

Answer 20

chromaffin cells
80%
20%