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First Aid Pharmacology > Autonomic Drugs > Flashcards

Autonomic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenal medulla and sweat gland innervation

A

Sympathetic nervous system innervated by cholinergic fibers

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2
Q

Nicotinic ACh receptors

A

ligand-gated Na/K channels
Nn in autoniomic ganglia
Nm in NMJ

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3
Q

H1 G-protein

A

Gq, increase mucus and permability

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4
Q

H2 G-protein

A

Gs, increases gastric secretion

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5
Q

V1 G-protein

A

Gq, increase vascular smooth muscle contraction

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6
Q

V2 G-protein

A

Gs, increase H2O permeability

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7
Q

Gq G protein receptors

A

H1, alpha1, V1, M1, M3
activates PLC and makes PIP2 into IP3/DAG
IP3 increases Ca
DAG protein kinase C

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8
Q

Gs Protein receptors

A

Beta-1 &2, D1, H2, V2

activates Adenylyl Cyclase

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9
Q

Gi protein receptors

A

M2, alpha2, D2

inactivates adenylyl cyclase

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10
Q

MoA Hemichoinium

A

Inhibits reuptake of choline

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11
Q

MoA Botulinum

A

inhibits release of ACh from presynaptic

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12
Q

MoA of Vesamicol

A

Inhibits ACh storage

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13
Q

MoA of Metyrosine

A

Inhibits Tyrosine becoming DOPA

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14
Q

MoA of Reserpine

A

Irreversibly inhibits VMAT whichnormally transports NE, Dopamine, and serotonin into intracellular vesicles

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15
Q

MoA of Bretylium and Guanethidine

A

inhibits NE release

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16
Q

Cocaine, TCAs, amphetamines

A

inhibits reuptake of NE

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17
Q

Bethanechol

A

Postoperative ileus, neurogenic ileus, and urinary retention

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18
Q

Carbachol

A

glaucoma, pupillary constriction, and relief of intraocular pressure

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19
Q

Pilocarpine

A

potent stimulator of sweat, tears, and saliva

open and closed-angled glaucoma

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20
Q

Methacholine

A

challenge test for diagnosis of asthma

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21
Q

Direct cholinomimetic agents

A

bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine, methacholine

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22
Q

Anticholinesterases

A

neostigmines, pyridostigmine, physostigmine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine, galantamine, edrophonium

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23
Q

Neostigmine

A

postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, reversal of NMJ blockade postop

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24
Q

AChE for myasthenia gravis (long acting); does not penetrate CNS

A

Pyridostigmine

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25
Q

AChE for anticholinergic toxicity (crosses BBB)

A

Physostigmine

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26
Q

Anticholinesterase for Alzheimer’s

A

Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine

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27
Q

Edrophonium

A

historically used for myasthenia gravis diagnosis

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28
Q

Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

A

DUMBBELSS
diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, lacrimatino, sweating and salivation

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29
Q

Antidote for cholinesterase poisoning

A

Atropine(competitive inhibitor) + Pralidoxime (regenerates AChE)

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30
Q

Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

A

Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide

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31
Q

Anti-muscarinic for Parkinson Disease

A

Benztropine

32
Q

Muscarinic antagonist for motion sickness

A

Scopolamine

33
Q

Anti-muscarinic for COPD and asthma

A

ipratropium and tiotropium

34
Q

Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms.

A

oxybutinin, darifenacin and solifanacin

35
Q

Anti-muscarinic used post-op to reduce airway secretions

A

Glycopyrrolate (parenterally)

36
Q

Anti-muscarinic used to decrease drooling and peptil ulcer

A

Glycopyrrolate (oral)

37
Q

Atropine

A

anti-DUMBBELS

muscarinic antagonist

38
Q

Atropine toxicity

A

hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter
can cause acute closed-angled glaucoma in elderly

39
Q

Anaphylaxis, open angle glaucoma, asthma, hypotension

A

Epinephrine

40
Q

Epinephrine receptor effect

A

beta > alpha

alpha predominate at high doses

41
Q

hypotension (but decrease renal perfusion)

A

Norepinephrine

42
Q

NE receptor effect

A

alpha1 > alpha2> beta1

43
Q

Electrophysiological evaluation of tachyarrhythmias. can worsen ischemia

A

Isoproterenol B1 = B2

44
Q

unstable bradycardia, HF, shock; inotropic and chronotropic alpha effects predominate at hgh doses

A

dopamine

45
Q

DA receptor effect

A

D1 = D2 >beta > alpha

46
Q

Heart failure (inotropic > chronotropic), cardiac stress testing

A

Dobutamine

47
Q

hypotension (vasoconstrictor), ocular procedures (mydriatic), rhinitis (decongestant)

A

Phenylephrine

48
Q

For Acute Asthma

A

Albuterol

B2>B1

49
Q

For long term asthma of COPD control

A

Salmeterol

B2>B1

50
Q

Reduce premature uterine contractions

A

terbutaline

B2>B1

51
Q

For narcolepsy, obesity, attention deficit disorder

A

Amphetamine

52
Q

nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension

A

Ephedrine

53
Q

Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

A

Cocaine

54
Q

Never give beta-blockers with this intoxication, can lead to unopposed alpha-1 activation and extreme hypertension

A

Cocaine

55
Q

Alpha-2 Agonists

A

Clonidine and alpha-methyldopa

56
Q

Used for HTN in pregnancy

A

alpha-methyldopa

57
Q

Toxicity causes direct Coombs + hemolytic anemia, SLE-like syndrome

A

Clonidine

58
Q

Off labeled used for ethanol and opioid withdrawl

A

Clonidine

59
Q

Toxicity causes CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression and small pupil size

A

Clonidine

60
Q

Irreversible alpha blocker

A

Phenoxybenzamine

61
Q

Pheochromocytomas (used preoperatively) to prevent catecholamine (hypertensive) crisis

A

Phenoxybenzamine

62
Q

Reversible alpha blocker

A

Phentolamine

63
Q

Give to patients on MAO inhibitors who eat tyramine-containing foods

A

Phentolamine

64
Q

Toxicity of Phenoxybenzamine

A

orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia

65
Q

alpha-1 selective blockers

A

prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin

66
Q

Used for urinary symptoms of BPH

A

-osin ending drugs

67
Q

alpha-1 blocker for PTSD

A

prazosin

68
Q

alpha-2 selective blocker

A

Mirtazapine used for depression

69
Q

S/E of Mirtazepine

A

sedation, increased serum cholesterol, and increased appetite

70
Q

Epinephrine w/ alpha blockade (phentolamine)

A

causes reversal of mean blood pressure change from high BP (w/o phentolamine) to low BP (w/ phentolamine)

71
Q

Phenylephrine w/ alpha blockade (phentolamine)

A

the alpha blocker will suppress phenylephrine response on BP

72
Q

SVT

A

metoprolol and esmolol, decrease AV conduction velocity

73
Q

May exacerbate asthma or COPD

A

Beta blocker toxicity

74
Q

non-selective alpha and beta antagonists

A

carvedilol and labetalol

75
Q

non-selectiva antagonists (B1=B2)

A

nadolol, pindolil (partial agonist), propanolol, timolol

76
Q

Beta-1 selective antagonists

A

acebutolol, atenolol, betaxolol, esmolol, metoprolol

ABEAM

77
Q

What are you going to do with all that junk all that junk inside that trunk?

A

I’m gunna gunna get you drunk, get get you drunk

First Aid Pharmacology (4 decks)

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