Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clin Med Exam 1 > autoimmune disorders > Flashcards

autoimmune disorders Flashcards

1
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic inflammatory disease presenting with a wide range of articular and extraarticual findings

females are affected 3x more than men (reproductive years)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

rheumatoid arthritis etiology

A

joint inflammation is a result of a massive infiltration of immune cells into the synovial fluid (symmetrical and bilateral presentation)

edematous (Swelling)

mycoplasma fermentans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis

A

PANNUS –> thickened synovium, a destructive granulation of tissue

inflammation and destruction target joint capsule

TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor)

IL-1, IL-6 –> pro-inflammatory, leads to tendon/lig laxity altering biomechanics/deformities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

clinical manifestations RA

A

swan neck and boutonniere’s deformities

ulnar drift

Lhermitte’s sign (sudden shock feeling when moving head forward)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RA diagnostic criteria

A

sign and symptoms for 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

RA pharmacology

A

NSAIDs

corticosteroids

DMARDs

BRMs

immunosuppressants

Synovectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

goal of RA treatment

A

reduce pain

maintain mobility

minima stiffness

edema

joint destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

DMARDs RA

A

disease modify anti-rhematic drug

slow disease interfere w/ immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

BRMs RA

A

biologic response modifiers

block or inactive TNF-alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

immunosuppressants RA

A

methotrexate

anti-metabolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

synovectomy RA

A

reduce pain

joint damage

joint replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

treatment RA

A

synovectomy

joint replacements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PT intervention RA

A

manage irrelevant damage

decrease pain, effusion (swelling), stiffness

correct/prevent joint deformity

maximize strength. flexibility, function

manage neurological issues

adaptive equipment

systemic disease = treat whole person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sjogren’s syndrome

A

chronic arthritis-related disease that can affect several organs

most commonly the moisture producing glands but also joint, lungs, kidneys, liver

second most common autoimmune rheumatic disease in postmenopausal women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sjogren’s syndrome pathogenesis

A

exocrine gland destruction by t-lymphatic infiltrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hallmark symptoms of sjogrens

A

dry mouth

dry eyes

fatigue

submandibular and parotid glands are swollen

Raynaud’s phenomenon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sjogren’s diagnosis

A

slit lamp test –> detect damage

schirmer’s test –> assesses degree of dryness

blood test –> to detect ANA, anti-SSA/anti-SSB, RF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sjogren’s treatment

A

no cure

can benefit from exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Behcet’s

A

rare disorder that cause chronic inflammation of the blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Behcet’s manifestations

A

mouth sores

eye inflammation

skin rashes

lesions

genital sores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Behcet’s treatment

A

lead to blindness

aim to reduce sign and symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

systemic lupus erythematosis

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder can affect any organ or system in the body

3x more common in african american women

23
Q

4 types of systemic lupus

A

latent lupus

drug-induced lupus

anti-phospholipid antibody syndromes

late stage lupus

24
Q

latent lupus

A

persist w/ sign/symptoms w/o develop classic SLE

25
Q

drug-induced lupus

A

people w/o prior history whom the clinical/serologic manifestation when person taking drugs

26
Q

anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome

A

b/w arterial/venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, immune thrombocytopenia w/ anti-bodies against cellular phospholipis

27
Q

late stage lupus

A

chronic disease

28
Q

clinical manifestations of systemic lupus

A

butterfly/malar rash

cardiopulmonary abnormalities, emotional instability, anemia, amenorrhea

29
Q

systemic lupus pharmacology

A

NSAIDS

corticosteroids

anti-coagulants

anti-malarial agents

30
Q

systemic lupus interventions

A

energy conservation

ergonomic instruction

conditioning and pain management

monitor signs of infection

31
Q

discoid lupus

A

chronic inflammatory disorder which affects only the skin (usually face, neck, scalp)

32
Q

discoid lupus clinical manifestations

A

marked by skin eruptions on sun-exposure

33
Q

risk factor for discoid lupus

A

smoking is a risk factors for discoid lesions (raised red, scaling plaques w/ follicular plugging)

34
Q

discoid lupus treatment

A

topical

intralesional or systemic medication

35
Q

polymyositis v. dermatomyositis

A

two most common idiopathic inflammatory disease of muscle

diffuse inflammatory myopathies that produce symmetrical weakness of striated muscles

affects muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, neck and pharynx (anterior thigh is most common)
-presents w/ difficulty going up stairs or getting out of a chair

3 prong intervention (medication, exercise, rest)

85% survival rate, 50% left with weakness, 20% disabled

36
Q

dermatomyositis

A

when a rash is associated w/ polymyositis

characteristic purplish rash appears on the eyelids w/ edema

grotton’s papules (red/violet, smooth or scaly patch on knuckles, knee, medial malleoli)

anti-pruritic drugs (relieve itching)

37
Q

systemic sclerosis

A

a diffuse connective tissue disease that causes fibrosis of the skin, joints, blood vessels and internal organs

affects women 2-3x more than men with ration peaking at 15:1 during child bearing years

38
Q

systemic sclerosis pathology

A

deposition of collagen in lining of the blood vessels and in b/w the skin cells

endothelial injury, obliterative microvascular lesions

increased vascular wall thickness

ANS dysfunction

39
Q

another name for systemic sclerosis

A

progressive systemic sclerosis

scleroderma

40
Q

what can systemic sclerosis be triggered by

A

mycoplasma

41
Q

clinical manifestations of systemic sclerosis

A

mask like face

sympathetic NS in overdrive

Raynaud’s

neuropathy from carpal tunnel

42
Q

stages of systemic sclerosis

A

edematous

scleoritic

atrophic

43
Q

systemic sclerosis treatment

A

penicillamine to improve skin

regular exercise maintains dermal/joint flexibility

active/passive stretching

contraction prevention

antibiotics

44
Q

polymyalgia rheumatica

A

“pain in many muscles”

marked by diffused pain and stiffness that primarily affects the shoulder and pelvic girdle

may be first manifestations of other serious illnesses

occurs in elderly white females

45
Q

polymyalgia rheumatica pathogenesis

A

subacromial and sub-deltoid bursitis

iliopectineal bursitis and hip synovitis and predominant lesions

46
Q

clinical manifestations polymyalgia rheaumatica

A

symmetrical and bilateral painful stiffness last more than one hour in the morning

47
Q

diagnosis polymyalgia rheaumatica

A

rapid response to prednisone

presence of C-reactive protein

48
Q

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A

before 16 years of age

TNF and interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6) seem to be the primary cytokines responsible for many systemic features

often mistake for “growing pains” arthritis in one or more joints for at least 6 weeks

49
Q

pauciarticular JIA (PaJIA)

A

oligoarthritis

generally affects 4 or few joints

three subtypes (ANA uvetis (eye), spinal involvement and only joint involvement (50% of cases))

50
Q

polyarticular HIA (PoJIA)

A

affects 5 or more joints

two subtypes (rheumatoid factor positive and only having joint involvement (40% of cases)

51
Q

systemic onset JIA (SoJIA)

A

still’s disease

most severe extra articular manifestations

52
Q

Psoriatic JIA

A

presents with psoriasis, arthritis and at least two of the follow: dactylitis (inflammation of a digit), nail abnormalities and a family history of psoriasis

53
Q

enthesitis related arthritis

A

presents as inflammation of the tendon attachments to the bone, especially along the spine and Achille’s tendon

along with arthritis

Clin Med Exam 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions