Autoimmune disease Flashcards
Define an autoimmune disease
A failure of self tolerance and an environmental factor results in the immune system attacking itself
define tolerance
controlled unresponsiveness to self
Define an organ specific AI disease
autoimmune attack and self-antigens of a given organ which fame the organs structure and/or function
Give an example of an organ specific autoimmune diseae
type 1 diabetes - endocrine cells
Define a non organ specific AI disease
Widespread self antigens are targeted for autoimmune attack, therefore the damage effects vesels, nerves, nuclei etc
Give an example of a non organ specific disease
rheumatoid arthiritus effects joints
Describe the pathogenesis of an autoimmune disease
An environmental trigger combines with:
- Susceptible genes and a failure of self tolerance occurs along witht he persistance of functional self reactive lymphocytes.
this causes
1. activation of self-reactive antibodies and an immune response against the bodies own tissues
Give 2 examples of autoantibodies in AI diseases
Acetyl choline receptor - myasthenia graves
TSH receptor - graves disease
Draw and label the bones of the hand and wrist
w
what is the name of the wrist joint
radiocarpal joint
What makes up the thener eminence
abudctor, flexor and opponens pollicus brevis
What supplies the thener eminence
median nerve
What makes up the hypothener eminence
abductor, flexor and opponens digiti minimi
What supplies the hypothener eminence
ulnar nerve
What is the medial border of the snuffbox
the tendon of extensor pollicus longus
