Autobiographical Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Cohen 1996

A

Autobiographical memory provides a store of “recipes” for handling current problems and situations

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2
Q

Conway and Beckerian 1987

A

Structure of AM: lifetime periods, general events, event-specific knowledge

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3
Q

Conway 1990

A
  • Predict grades before exams
  • Recall predictions after
  • Those who did less well - remembered predictions as being lower
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4
Q

Conway and Cohen 2008

A

Introduced adaptive function of AM

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5
Q

Rubin 1995

A

Events high in emotional content are likely to be recalled using observer perspective. Neutral events - field perspective

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6
Q

Dewhurst and Marlborough 2003

A

Memory for exam stress.
•Higher grades than expected - overestimated stress.
•Lower - underestimated

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7
Q

Anderson and Dewhurst 2009

A

Adapted SCEPT to measure the generation of future events. SCEFT. Future less specific than past

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8
Q

Linton 1978

A

Diary studies. 2 memories /day. Recall 2/month. Repeated events faded. Unique - recalled better.
30% - completely forgotten after 6years

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9
Q

Crovitz and Schiffman

A
Cue word technique. Asked to retrieve memories. Dated and plotted.
•Retention function
•Reminiscence bump
•Childhood amnesia
Originally introduced by Galton 1879
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10
Q

Functions of AM

A

1 Directive
2 Social
3 Self-representative
4 Adaptive

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11
Q

Seidlitz and Diener 1998

A

Women are able to recall more events than men

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12
Q

AM separate system? Conway et al 1999

A

PET SCAN - activity during memory task. Activation in left frontal lobe.

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13
Q

AM and depression

A

Often unable to retrieve specific events

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14
Q

Retention function. Rubin et al 1986

A

Memories fade with time. Recent memories recalled better than distant ones

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15
Q

Brown, Rips and Shevell 1985

A

•Rate 50 news events - famous and not. Famous dated as more recent. “Forward telescoping”

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16
Q

Skowronski and Thompson 1990

A

Women more accurate than men at dating AM

17
Q

Kulik and Mahler 1986

A
  • Extraverts overestimated how often they have talked during a “getting - aquainted” conversation
  • Introverts - underestimated
18
Q

Marcus 1986

A

1973 - asked to rate their attitudes towards social issues
1982 - asked to make same ratings and recall previous ones
•Recall was distorted to be closer to current ratings

19
Q

Eich et al 1985

A

Memory for pain. Chronic pain sufferers currently experiencing high levels of pain overestimated previous levels

20
Q

Parrott and Sabini 1990

A

College students who just received grades - asked to recall AM.
•Did well - more negative memories than those who did poorly.
•Mood-congruent effect - restore emotional equilubrium

21
Q

Walker et al 2003

A
  • Produce memories and rate them. How often do participants feel happy, sad and neutral.
  • 50% - happy
  • Sample positive memories to maintain well-being
22
Q

Neissen 1980

A

Referring to the past is a way of extending social interactions

23
Q

Tulving 1983

A

“Mental time travel”. Can be forwards or backwards

Autonoetic consciousness

24
Q

Robinson and Swanson 1990

A

Adaptive function of AM. Recalling experiences - used to maintain desired and alter undesired moods

25
Ales, Bluck, Haberman and Rubin 2005
Social function. Using AM to provide material to converse about
26
Pillemer 2003
Vivid memories of personal experience provide models for present activities and contribute to successful problem solving and adaptation
27
Conway and Pleydell-Pearce 2000
Autobiographical memory is constructed writhing Self-Memory System (SMS).
28
Robinson 1992
"First -time events have particular vividness.
29
Pillemer 2001
``` Originating events Turning points Anchoring events Analogous events - ESK - help to resist memory decay ```