Autism Spectrum Disorder Flashcards
what is autism
a complex neurobiological condition affecting the ways an individual processes and responds to information and sensory stimuli which may cause a restricted repertoire of activities and interests as well as impairments in social and communication skills
within the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder individual characteristics are noted through the use if specifiers
with or without accompanying intellectual impairment
with or without accompanying structural language impairment
associated with a known medical/generic or environmental/acquired condition
associated with another neurodevelopmental, mental or behavioural disorder
1 in __ children is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder in the US and __% of the worlds population has ASD
88
4 times higher for boys then girls
1%
what are ASD categories
autistic disorder (classic) Asperger syndrome retts disorder childhood disintegrative disorder pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
diagnosis of ASD
at first glance some people with autism may appear to have an intellectual disability, sensory processing issues, or problems with hearing or vision
these conditions can co-occur with autism however it is important to distinguish autism from other conditions
differential diagnosis
the characteristic behaviours of autism spectrum disorder may be apparent in infancy ____ but they usually become clearer during
18-24months
early childhood, 24months-6years
the national institute of child health and human development lists 5 behaviours that warrant further evaluation (does not determine autism)
does not babble or coo by 12 months
does not gesture by 12 months
does not say single words by 16 months
does not say two word phrases on his or her own by 24 months
has any loss of any language or social skill at any age
what are symptoms of ASD
communication
social
routine or repetition
what are causes of ASD
national autism association states that no one has found the exact cause of autism recent theories (still unproven) thimerosal (mercury in vaccines) multiple dose vaccines genetics environment
what are therapeutic goals of ASD
since ASD is a lifelong, pervasive condition and in itself is not progressive targets or outcomes for treatment in general would focus on the remediation of current skills and functioning as well as the enhancement and/or rehabilitation of skills and functioning over an individuals lifetime
what are specific outcomes of ASD
specific outcomes sought for individuals with ASD include reducing impairments in body structures and functions by increasing physical and cognitive social psychosocial and environmental functioning and identifying overcoming and/or removing environmental barriers to participate
what are interventions of ASD
common techniques used by RTs include leisure education (leisure counselling); purposeful recreation, fitness and games; support in community recreation; social skills training; biofeedback; progressive relaxation training; aquatic therapy; assertiveness training; animal assisted therapy; creative arts; technology; sensory training
what are the approaches of ASD
for RTs a client centered and holistic approach to service delivery supports meeting individuals at their current level of functioning and allowing them a voice in their movement toward optimal functioning and fulfilment. community and collaboration play a large part in acceptance and assistance of those with ASD and their families
snoezlen rooms or controlled multisensory environment
1970s dutch sensory tent
the goal was to increase enjoyment and sensory experience for those with intellectual disabilities and the result was positive so the snoezelen (to seek and explore and to relax)
1992 was first one in Canada and US
