Autism Spectrum Disorder Flashcards
Autism (IDEA)
developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and non verbal communication, generally evident befoe age 3; adversely affects child’s educational performance. other characteristics often associated with autism are engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, unsusal response to sensory experiences. does not apply if child’s educational performance is adversely affected primarily because child has emotional disturbance
myths+misconceptions (ASD)
- people with autism do not talk
- people with autism do not interact with others
- people with autism do not show attachment to others
- people with autism do not have specialized abilities
- deficient mothering is cause of autism
frontal lobe
manage social and cognitive functions
cerebellum
control motor, coordination, balance, cognition
temporal lobe
understand facial expressions, social cues
social-emotional reciprocity
deficits in nonverbal communicative behavior for social interaction; deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships
3 aspects of ASD
communication, behavior, social interaction
repetitive behavior patterns
stereotyped/repetitive motor movements, insistence on sameness, highly restricted and fixated interests, hyper/hypo reactivity to sensory input, or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment
biological factors
multiple genetic factors
environmental factors
may affect the severity of symptoms
immunization
ex-MMR shot, no evidence
cognitive characteristics
rote memory, theory of mind, problem-solving
social+emotional characteristics
communication problems, immaturity, communicative intent, echolalia, prosody
communicative intent
do not communicate to get others attention
immaturity
lack the ability to think about others and their behavior
prosody
monotone or sign-song tone, regardless of message
echolalia
repeat words or phrases with little or no meaning
behavior characteristics
self stimulatory behaviors, difficulty with generalization, sensory issues, unusual play, difficulty with change in routine
self stimulatory behaviors
repetitive body movements or behavior patterns
behaviors related to classroom difficulties
poor imitation skills, resistance to change, poor peer relations, poor eye contact
rote memory
the ability to easily remember things without necessarily comprehending them. individuals simply repeat information over and over until they can recall it from memory
theory of mind
people with autism do not truly understand that others have their own thoughts and points of view
proxemics
socially acceptable distance to maintain with others, may stand too close or far away; may make too intense eye contact or none at all
generalization
difficulty transferring information to new settings, individuals and conditions; student who is able to perform writing tasks in one classroom will not be able to perform that writing task in another classroom
sensory issues
- tactile
- vestibular
- proprioception
- visual
- auditory
- gustatory
- olfactory
evidence-based practices for students w/ASD
- environmental supports-visual supports, home base
- assistive technology
- instructional supports-teach and reteach, priming, discrete trial training, prompting
- social skills supports-instruction, social stories, SOCCS
- frequent positive reinforcement
- prepared transitions
- behavior intervention
- ongoing communication among team members
home base
a place where a student can go if they are too anxious, excited, or sensory overload; can be in the classroom or outside
priming
when a person previews/preteach a task/activity
discrete trial training
teach skill and reward immediately
prompting
provide support (full or partial prompt)
social stories
1 sentence and picture and prompt to teach skill
SOCCS
different social situations and ways to respond; choose best response to teach social skills
