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History > Australians At War > Flashcards

Australians At War Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Australia fight in WW2?

A

Because they were British Allies

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2
Q

At one point in 1942, what was the percentage of all Australians in the army?

A

6% of all Australians

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3
Q

What other reasons did Australians fight in WW2?

A

Unemployment (after the Great Depression), Britishness, adventure, employment, Japanese threat, British protection and the fall of France

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4
Q

What does RAF stand for?

A

Royal Australian Force

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5
Q

What does ‘blitzkrieg’ refer to?

A

lightning war to describe Germany’s skilful tactics

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6
Q

How many Australian fighter pilots took part in the battle of Britain?

A

35

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7
Q

What resources are crucial in desert warfare?

A

water, ammunition and oil

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8
Q

Where was the location of the British naval base (1942)?

A

Singapore

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9
Q

What does POW stand for?

A

Prisoners of war

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10
Q

When did Singapore surrender?

A

15th February 1942

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11
Q

When did the attack on Sydney harbour occur?

A

The night of May 31st and June 1942

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12
Q

What was the outcome of the Sydney Harbour attack?

A

The Japanese only managed to sink HMAS Kuttabul, killing 21 people. All 3 submarines were destroyed

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13
Q

What were the Japanese objectives in New Guinea?

A

To capture the capital, Port Moresby. This secures the Japanese position in the region, providing the perfect launch pad for bombing raids against allied bases in northern Australia and disrupt supply lines.

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14
Q

What was the name of this campaign?

A

Kokoda Campaign

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15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: From October 1942, the Australians began to slowly push the Japanese invaders back along the track

A

FALSE

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The New Guinea campaign put an end to Japanese advances in Asia Pacific

A

TRUE

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17
Q

How many Australians became (POWs) between 1940 and 1945?

A

30, 000

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18
Q

How many Australians did the Germans and Italians imprison?

A

8000

19
Q

How many of POWs died in German and Italian captivity?

A

265

20
Q

How many Australians did the Japanese capture?

A

22 000

21
Q

How many of the prisoners at Japanese territories had died?

A

One third (13 000)

22
Q

What conditions did POW endure under Japanese captivity?

A

Inadequate food and healthcare (they became malnourished), long hours of hard labour (building railways, roads and airfields)

23
Q

What conditions did POWs endure under German and Italian captivity?

A

They had it a bit easier. They were given more food, and they received medical care that followed the rules of the Geneva Conventions. The prisoners could look forward to regular parcels from the Red Cross, which had things like luxury food items such as chocolate, biscuits and dried fruit as well as other supplies to help them.

24
Q

What kind of jobs did the German-Talians make the POWs do?

A

Farming and factory work

25
Q

What is the Geneva Convention?

A

Outlines how soldiers and civilians should be treated in war.

26
Q

What kind of supplies and equipment were used in WW2?

A

machine guns, stretchers, grenade, fire, Tommy gun, Bren gun

27
Q

What environment did the Australian soldiers fight in in the Kokoda?

A

Crocodiles, snakes, spiders, leeches, lice, mosquitos, flies, rotten fungus, pungent stench, mould, wet, dry, cold, humid, slime, mud, maggots.

28
Q

What was the nature of fighting in the Kakoda?

A

It was hard to catch a glimpse of the enemy, wounded were left to die; soldiers saw soldiers die before their eyes, and cannabilism

29
Q

What the kinds of diseases did soldiers experience?

A

Malaria, typhus, dysentery, obscure diseases, fever, vomiting, nausea.

30
Q

Did Papuans involve themselves in the campaign? If so what was their role?

A

Yes. Teams of Papuan bearers were responsible for a patient. They gave sick patients water, shelter, food and care

31
Q

What cheeky things would Australian soliders do?

A

Steal food while the Japanese soldiers were sleeping and tried to escape from POW camps

32
Q

What were the behaviours of the Japanese?

A

Uncaring, vicious, disciplined, patriotic. Some Japanese ate the flesh of dead Australian soldiers

33
Q

How did the Japanese punish the POW?

A

Beatings

34
Q

When did the Battle of Britain start and finish?

A

10 July 1940 – 31 Oct 1940

35
Q

What were dessert welfare conditions?

A

Sandstorms, extreme cold and extreme heat, hard-to-spot enemy, scarcity of food, water

36
Q

Name 2 North-Africa campiagns?

A

Seige of Tobruk (April-Aug 1941) and Battle of El Alamein

37
Q

What country were Australian and British troops fighting in the North African campaigns?

A

Italian

38
Q

How many P.O.W were there in the Fall of Singapore?

A

1500

39
Q

When did the bombing of Darwin occur?

A

19th Feb 1942

40
Q

What was the purpose of the Darwin bombing?

A

The purpose was to (the Japanese) disable the USA’s ability to use Darwin and its harbour/airships to launch a counter-attack on East Asia

41
Q

How many people approx died in the Darwin bombing?

A

244

42
Q

When did the Kokoda campaign start and finish?

A

July-November 1942

43
Q

What kind of warfare was in the Kokoda campaign?

A

Jungle warfare

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