Australia and its People Flashcards
First inhabitants of Australia
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
How old is the continuous culture and tradition of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
Oldest in the world
Historically, where are Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples from
Mainland Australia and Tasmania
When did Aboriginal people arrive in Australia, according to archeological record
Between 65,000 and 40,000 years ago
Historically, where are Torres Strait Islander peoples from
Islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea
What are Aboriginal peoples’ belief on how long they have been in Australia for
They are central to the creation of this land and commence at the beginning of time
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have a deep connection with ___
Land
How are Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ deep connection with land expressed
Stories, art and dance
What is the ‘First Fleet’
The first 11 convict ships which arrived from Great Britain to Australia on 26 January 1788, marking the start of European settlement in Australia
Why were convicts sent from Great Britain to Australia
At that time, British laws were harsh and jails could not hold the large number of people imprisoned for their crimes.
Where in Australia was the ‘First Fleet’ sent
New South Wales
Who was the first governor of the colony of New South Wales
Captain Arthur Phillip
Where did early free settlers come from to Australia
Great Britain and Ireland
The British and Irish heritage had major influence on Australia’s recent _, _ and _
History, culture and politics
In what year was the gold rush
1851
In what states was the gold rush
New South Wales and Victoria
Who were the first large group of migrants arriving to Australia who were not Europeans
Chinese
What brought the Chinese to Australia
The gold rush in 1851
In what year were the separate colonies united into a federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia
1901
National parliament, government and the High Court were established under _
the Australian Constitution
When were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples included in the Australia population (census)
Referendum to the Australian Constitution in 1967
After what major event was there a wave of non-British migration
World War II
Australia’s national language is _, and a part of our national identity
English
Should migrants learn English, and why
Yes. In keeping with Australian values, migrants should learn and use English to help them participate in Australian society. Communicating in English is important for making the most of living and working in Australia.
How many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are there
Over 100 distinct languages
The Commonwealth of Australia is a _ of _ and _
Federation of states and territories
How many states are there
6
How many territories are there
2
What is Australia’s capital city
Canberra
What is the capital of NSW
Sydney
What is the capital of VIC
Melbourne
What is the capital of QLD
Brisbane
What is the capital of WA
Perth
What is the capital of SA
Adelaide
What is the capital of TAS
Hobart
What is the capital of the ACT (Australian Capital Territory)
Canberra
What is the capital of the NT (Northern Territory)
Darwin
Which colony was the first to be established by Britain
NSW
What are 2 national icons located in Sydney
Sydney Harbor Bridge & Opera House
What does the NSW flag have on it
Red cross
Which state is the smallest of mainland states
VIC
Why are there many fine (nice) buildings in VIC
From the wealth of the gold rush in 1851
What are 3 VIC icons in Melbourne
Melbourne Cricket Ground, 12 Apostles, Royal Exhibition Building
Which state is the 2nd largest
QLD
Which state is the 1st largest
WA
Where in QLD are the Torres Strait Islands
North
What is 1 icon in QLD
Great Barrier Reef off East Coast
Which state has tropical rain forests, temperate coastal areas and often dry inland
QLD
The _ side of WA is desert, while the _ side is rich agriculture and wine growing area
East is desert, Southwest is rich agriculture and wine growing area (think Margaret River)
Which state is home to many large mining projects
WA
What are 3 WA icons
Ningaloo Coast, Margaret River, Kimberley region
Which state has a rugged coastline and many famous wine regions
SA
What are 2 of SA’s icons
Barossa Valley, Flinders Ranges
Which state is the smallest state in Australia
TAS
TAS is separated from the mainland by _
The Bass Strait
What are 3 TAS icons
Cradle Mountain, Port Arthur, Bay of Fires
The ACT is located between _ and _
Between Sydney and Melbourne
What national institutions are locations in Canberra (2)
Parliament House, High Court of Australia
The NT has a _ environment in the North, and a _ environment in the South
Tropical in the North, dry red desert in the South
What are 3 NT icons
Uluru, Kata Tjuta, Kings Canyon
What does the VIC flag have on it
Southern Cross and crown
What does the QLD flag have on it
Blue cross
What does the WA flag have on it
Swan on yellow circle
What does the SA flag have on it
Magpie on yellow circle
What does the TAS flag have on it
Red lion
What does the ACT flag have on it
Blue swan, white swan, coat of arms
What does the NT flag have on it
Red background with white flower
A cultural practice performed by an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian of the local region, welcoming their visitors to their traditional land is called _
Welcome to Country
Welcome to Country is traditionally performed to ensure _
A safe and protected journey during your time on this land
A Welcome to Country can take place through many forms, including
Songs, dances, smoking ceremonies or speeches
What is usually the first item of proceedings to open an event
Welcome to Country
Recognizing that a gathering is on Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander land, paying respect to Traditional Custodians (Elders past and present), and paying respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in attendance is called
Acknowledgement of Country
What is usually delivered as part of the Welcome or Housekeeping at meetings and events
Acknowledgement of Country
Who can deliver an Acknowledgement of Country
Anyone
Who can deliver a Welcome to Country
Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian of the local land
At meetings/events, who would an Acknowledgement of Country generally be done by
The Chair or Master of Ceremonies
When is Australia Day
26 January each year
What does Australia day celebrate
Arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain in 1788
What is the biggest annual public holiday in Australia
Australia Day
Which holiday is about acknowledging and celebrating the contribution that every Australian makes to our contemporary and dynamic nation
Australia Day
What doe the Prime Minister do every year on Australia Day
Announce the Australian of the Year awards in Canberra
When is Anzac Day
25 April each year
What is Anzac Day named after
the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC)
What does Anzac Day remember
The landing at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War II when soldiers were massacred, on 25 April 1915. The sacrifice of all Australians who served and died in war. The courage and commitment of all service men and women.
What colors are the Australian flag
Red, white and blue
The is the Union Jack
The mini British flag in the upper left of the Australian Flag
What does the Union Flag represent
The history of British settlement and the laws and institutions we inherited as a result
What is the Commonwealth Star
The star underneath the Union Jack on the Australian Flag
How many points does the Commonwealth Star have and why
7 points, one for each of the states (5) and territories (2)
What is the Southern Cross
Group of stars that can be seen in the southern sky
What colors is the Aboriginal Flag and what does it represent
Red, black and yellow - Red for Earth, Black for people and Yellow for the sun
What colors is the Torres Strait Islander Flag and what does it represent (colors and star)
Blue, Green, White, Black - Blue for the sea, Green for the land, White for a dancer’s headdress and Black for people
The star is white and represents peace
What is the official symbol of Australia and what do the different parts represent
The Commonwealth Coat of Arms - represents our national identity, authority and property of the Commonwealth of Australia
Kangaroo and emu hold the shield
Shield represents the 6 states and 1 federation
Gold star is the Commonwealth Star (7 points for each state and territory)
Golden wattle is the national flower
What animals are on the Commonwealth Coat of Arms
Kangaroo and Emu
What is the national flower, what colors is it and where does it grow
Golden wattle, yellow and green, Southeastern regions of Australia (on gum trees)
What are Australia’s national colors and why
Yellow (gold) and green, after the golden wattle
What is the national gemstone
Opal
Aboriginal belief: a rainbow touched the Earth and created the colors of the Opal
What is the national anthem called and when is it sung
Advance Australia Fair
Occasions of national importance, including an Australian citizenship ceremony and major sporting events
