Australia 1930s to 1950s Flashcards
Prime Minister who led the UAP and succeeded Scullin
Joseph Lyons
Measures taken in WWII which described the idea of living frugally
Austerity
Directorate established in January 1942 to allocate labour on the basis of the war need
Manpower
US General who led the Allied war effort in the Pacific from 1942
Douglas McArthur
Site of Japanese midget submarine attack in 1942
Sydney Harbour
Australian Prime Minister at the start of WWII
Robert Menzies
Political party created by Menzies in 1944
Liberal Party
Prime Minister who preceded John Curtin
Arthur Fadden
Year in which a referendum was held on the question of banning the Communist Party
1951
The year of the Petrov Affair
1954
The Chifley government attempted to nationalize these two key institutions
banks and airlines
First major region of Australian military involvement in WWII
North Africa
Curtin diverted Australian troops bound for this part of the British Empire in 1942
Burma
Year in which the ANZUS alliance was created
1951
This Libyan port was famously defended by Australians in 1941 for 242 days
Tobruk
The peak year and level of unemployment in Australia
1932 and 32%
The most radical Plan proposed in Australia to deal with the depression
Lang Plan
British Bank representative sent to Australia to advise the Scullin government
Sir Otto Niemeyer
Economic approach taken by the Premier’s Plan
deflationary or conservative
Key institution which would not support the Theodore Plan, resulting in its failure
Commonwealth Bank
New Guardsman who upstaged the opening of the Sydney harbor Bridge
Captain de Groot
Leader of the New Guard
Eric Campbell
The key ALP figure who led the defence of the Communist Party banned in 1950
H.V. Evatt
Immigration Minister of 1947 who oversaw the major migration programme and famously stated ‘Two Wongs don’t make a White’
Arthur Calwell
Commanded the Australian Army in WWII
General Blamey
Where thousands of Australian servicemen taken prisoner in 1942 in infamous surrender
Singapore
Treasurer for most of the Scullin government
E.G. Theodore
Organisation created as a front for the Communist party at the height of the depression
Unemployed Workers’ Movement
WA voters chose this course of action regarding the federation in 1933
secession
The industry which recovered earliest and strongest after 1932
secondary or manufacturing
Trade agreement signed in 1932 to preference Empire trading partners
Ottawa
Key Australian institution created in 1932 and responsible for most radio news and significant entertainment programme
ABC
Significant female author of the 1920s to 1940s who often wrote on the fate of the oppressed
Katharine Susannah Prichard
Controversial cricket Test series of 1932-33 where the English tested the loyalty of Australians
Bodyline
Key international tennis series of the period in which Australia was highly successful
Davis Cup
Australian Attorney General in 1938 who used the Transport Workers Act to allow shipments of pig iron to Japan to proceed
Robert Menzies
The UAP-UCP alliance ended because of conflict between these two leaders in 1939
Menzies and Page
Australian version of the British Home Guard created in 1940 and was initially made up of former servicemen
Volunteer Defence Corps
Scene of the most bitter fighting by Australian forces in New Guinea
Kokoda
Key women’s organization in farming during WW2
Australian Women’s Land Army
Year in which the Commonwealth government took over income tax powers
1942
Key government department established in December 1942 devoted to reshaping Australian society and economy after WW2
Department of Postwar Reconstruction
Slogan which encapsulated the democratic socialism of the ALP under Chifley
Light on the Hill
Three social welfare benefits introduced by the ALP governments of 1945
unemployment, funeral and sickness
Number of hours in the working week ruled on by the Commonwealth Arbitration Court in 1947
40
Female wages raised to this level of male wage in 1949
75%
Most ambitious and large scale infrastructure scheme introduced till that point in 1949
Snowy River scheme
Term used to describe the process required of new migrants coming to Australia throughout the period in terms of adjusting to Australian life
assimilation
Chief Executive of BHP and Director of Munitions in WW2
Essington Lewis
Leader of the ‘Catholic Social Movement’
Bob Santamaria
Year of peak membership of Communist Party of Australia
1943
Term coined by the Chifley government to drive acceptance and need for high levels of immigrants
Populate or Perish
Commonwealth government legislation of 1947 which confirmed power of government to legislate on all social welfare matters
Social Services Consolidation Act
Government airline established in 1946
TAA (Trans Australia Airlines)
