Australia

Question 1

Australia - Key Themes

Answer 1

• Assisted/Philanthropic
• Transplanted Communities
• Land/Opportunities
• Missionaries/Religion
• Government Schemes

Question 2

Australia - Historical Context

Answer 2

When/How many - 1850-60, around 40%-45% that left, left for Australia, Baines
Who - 700 out of 10,000 convicts to Western Australia Scottish, 1850-68, Prentis

Question 3

Australia - Assisted/Philanthropic

Answer 3

• George Cossar, Australia & Canada, 688 boys, work with farming family, Empire Settlement scheme (matching funds), BMH
• UK 1831-1900, 1.5million, around half subsidised, Harper

Question 4

Australia - Government Schemes

Answer 4

• 33% 1831-35, 79% 1841-45, 58% 1861-65 government assisted, Harper
• 1861-1900, 92% Western, 88% Queensland, 80% NSW government assisted, Harper

Question 5

Australia - Transplanted Communities

Answer 5

• 1881, 500 attended St. Andrew’s Day celebration, Caledonian Society of South Australia, Adelaide, BMH
• “An intrinsic element of the annual events calendar” BMH
• October 1852, 36 St. Kildan’s (1/3 of population), BMH

Question 6

Australia - Missionaries/Religion

Answer 6

• John Dunmore Lang, 1826 set up Scots Church in Sydney, first Presbyterian minister NSW, Harper
• “Scottish identity in Australia for many was closely bound up with Presbyterianism.” Harper

Question 7

Australia - Land/Opportunities

Answer 7

• NSW, Governor Lachlan Macquarie (1810-21), free land grants available, UK industry provided market, Harper
• Scotland supplied 1/3 Eastern Australia’s landholders, 1820s, Harper
• Kalgoorlie & Coolgardie, population 44,000, 107,000 1890-97 after discovery of gold, Harper
• “Majority of gold-seekers being young single men.” BMH