Australia Flashcards

1
Q

What are two key factors in South Australia’s rise to prominence?

A

1- Phylloxera (confined only to Victoria and New South Wales, led way for South Australia to emerge as the largest region of production) 2- Creation of the Commonwealth of Australia (federation brought a relaxation of the interstate trade barriers)

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2
Q

Who developed bag-in-the-box technology?

A

Australians

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3
Q

What two Adelaide based centers have helped to improve Austrialia’s understanding of wine?

A

The Australian Wine Research Institute and the Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)

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4
Q

Who did ‘flying winemakers’ originally refer to?

A

Winemakers from Australia

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5
Q

Who developed the counterintuitive technique of minimal (zero) pruning?

A

CSIRO

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6
Q

How many winemakers of Australia account for nearly 70% of wine production?

A

14

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7
Q

When was ‘Grange’ debuted? Who was the winemaker? Who is the producer? What was it originally called?

A

1951; Max Schubert; Penfolds; Grange Hermitage

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8
Q

Who makes ‘Hill of Grace’?

A

Henschke

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9
Q

When was Wine Australia created? What was the original name?

A

1981 as the Australia Wine and Brandy Corporation

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10
Q

What does Wine Australia do?

A

Maintains oversight of the wine industry- regulates label language, defines geographical boundaries of wine regions, moderates exports and trade, promotes the wines at home and abroad

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11
Q

Who introduced the Label Integrity Program for Australia? When?

A

Wine Australia introduced it in 1990

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12
Q

What are the minimum percentages for any Australian wines labeled with vintage, varietal or region?

A

85%

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13
Q

What are the requirements in Australia for listing multiple varieties on the label?

A

They must be listed in the order of proportion in the blend. All components making up a minimum of 85% of the blend must appear on the label. No listed grape may be in lower proportion than an unnamed varietal

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14
Q

How are regions in Australia defined by Wine Australia?

A

as Geographical Indications (GIs)

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15
Q

How are the wine regions of Australia divided?

A

State -> Zone -> Region -> Sub-region

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16
Q

How are regions and sub-regions defined by Wine Australia?

A

Single tracts of land, compromising at least five independently owned vineyards of at least five hectares apiece, with a minimum output of 500 tons of wine grapes annually

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17
Q

When did Wine Australia authorize the multistate zone of South Eastern Australia? What does it encompass?

A

1996; Includes all of Victoria, Tasmania and New South Wales and the winegrowing areas of South Australia and Queensland

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18
Q

When and where were the first vineyards planted in Australia?

A

In New South Wales in 1788

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19
Q

What mountain range runs through New South Wales?

A

The Great Dividing Range

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20
Q

What is the Riverina region also known as?

A

Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area

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21
Q

What sides of the Great Dividing Range is Riverina?

A

West

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22
Q

Who is the producer of [yellow tail]? Where do they source most of their fruit?

A

Casella; Riverina

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23
Q

Who produces a Botrytised dessert wine in the Riverina?

A

De Bortoli- it is called ‘Noble One’

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24
Q

What is the climate of the Hunter region?

A

Subtropical- it has one of the warmest climates in Australia- mitigated by high amounts of humidity, rain and wind

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25
Q

What is Hunter Riesling?

A

Semillon

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26
Q

Name a top bottling of Hunter Riesling.

A

Vat 1 by Tyrrell

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27
Q

What are the popular grapes in the Hunter region?

A

Semillon and Verdelho as well as Shiraz and Cab Sauv

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28
Q

Where are the oldest Verdelho plantings in Australia?

A

Broke Fordwich, Hunter, Hunter zone, New South Wales, Australia

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29
Q

What are the soils of Broke Fordwich?

A

Sandy, alluvial soils

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30
Q

What is the climate of Canberra District region?

A

Continental

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31
Q

What is a top bottling of Canberra District region?

A

Clonakilla’s Canberra District Shiraz- co-fermented with a small percentage of Viognier

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32
Q

What is the climate of Tumbarumba GI?

A

Alpine, cool-climate

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33
Q

What is Tumbarumba GI known for?

A

Still and sparkling wines from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

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34
Q

What is the smallest and coolest state on Australia’s mainland?

A

Victoria

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35
Q

What cools coastal Victoria?

A

Sea breezes blowing up from Antarctica

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36
Q

What is the climate of the Port Phillip Zone?

A

Cool, maritime climate

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37
Q

What is Victoria’s oldest wine region?

A

The Yarra Valley GI

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38
Q

When did Moet & Chandon move into Australia? Where did they open up shop?

A

Moet & Chandon opened Australian Domaine Chandon in 1987 in the Yarra Valley GI

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39
Q

What are the two distinct soils of the Yarra Valley GI?

A

Grey-brown sandy loam and red basalt-derived

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40
Q

What is the climate of the Mornington Peninsula?

A

Profoundly maritime, even cooler and windier than the rest of Victoria

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41
Q

What grapes are popular in the Mornington Peninsula?

A

Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris and Chardonnay

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42
Q

What is the climate of the North East Victoria, North West Victoria and Central Victoria zones?

A

More continental, typified by a large diurnal swing, and North West Victoria is the hottest of the three

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43
Q

What two GI regions are shared between Victoria and New South Wales?

A

Murray Darling and Swan Hill

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44
Q

What are the most popular grapes of North West Victoria?

A

Chardonnay and Shiraz

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45
Q

Where is the producer Tahbilk located? What are they known for?

A

Located in Central Victoria, they managed to protect their vineyards from Phylloxera and they produce their flagship Shiraz from vines planted in 1860

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46
Q

What two regions within North East Victoria are known for sweet fortified wines?

A

Rutherglen and Glenrowan

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47
Q

When was the Muscat of Rutherglen Network established? What did they do?

A

In 1995; They developed a voluntary four-tier classification system for the wines based on age, sweetness and complexity. (Producers are responsible for classifying their own wines based on taste alone.) Member wines are denoted by a stylized “R” on the label.

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48
Q

Where is production concentrated within the state of South Australia?

A

In the lower southeastern sector of the state

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49
Q

What is the climate of Coonawarra?

A

Cool, maritime influenced

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50
Q

What region of Australia is often considered to producer the best Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Coonawarra, within the Limestone Coast in South Australia

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51
Q

Name three of the top bottlings coming from Coonawarra.

A

Marjella, Wynns’ “John Riddoch” and Parker Estate’s “First Growth”

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52
Q

What climatic concerns do producers in Coonawarra face?

A

Spring frosts

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53
Q

What is the soil of Coonawarra?

A

Terra rossa

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54
Q

What is the soil of Padthaway GI?

A

Terra rossa and red-brown sandy loam

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55
Q

What is the climate of Riverland GI?

A

Continental and hot with low rainfall, high soil salinity and water shortages

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56
Q

What is the climate of Fleurieu zone?

A

Essentially Mediterranean, tempered by Southern Ocean currents and Lake Alexandria

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57
Q

What are the popular grapes of McLaren Vale GI?

A

Cab Sauv and Rhone varietals

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58
Q

What are the top bottlings coming out of McLaren Vale GI?

A

D’Arenberg’s “Dead Arm” Shiraz
Yangarra’s “High Sands” Grenache
Drew Noon’s Grenache-based “Eclipse”
and the dry-farmed Clarendon Hill’s “Astralis” Shiraz

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59
Q

What is the southernmost region of Mount Lofty Ranges?

A

Adelaide Hills GI

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60
Q

What is the climate of Adelaide Hills GI?

A

Cool, maritime cliamte

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61
Q

Where are the most classic and ageworthy examples of Australian Riesling found?

A

Clare Valley GI

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62
Q

What is the climate of Clare Valley GI?

A

Warmer, continental

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63
Q

What is Clare Valley GI known for?

A

Riesling

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64
Q

What are the two unofficial subregions of Clare Valley?

A

Watervale and Polish Hill River

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65
Q

What soils characterize Clare Valley’s unofficial subzones of Watervale and Polish Hill River

A

Limestone and broken slate, respectively

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66
Q

Name a top producer from Clare Valley.

A

Grosset

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67
Q

What is Australia’s most important region for Shiraz?

A

Barossa zone

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68
Q

What is the capacity of the traditional American oak hogshead?

A

300 L

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69
Q

Where is Penfolds based?

A

Barossa Valley

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70
Q

Who are the top producers from Barossa Valley?

A

Penfolds, Torbreck, Peter Lehmann and Rockford

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71
Q

What are the popular grapes of Eden Valley GI?

A

Riesling, Chardonnay, Viognier, Shiraz and Cab Sauv

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72
Q

Who are the top producers coming from Eden Valley GI?

A

Yalumba, Pewsey Vale and Henschke

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73
Q

What is the most acclaimed appellation in Western Australia?

A

Margaret River GI

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74
Q

What are the most popular grapes of Margaret River GI?

A

Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Bordeaux Blends

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75
Q

Who are the best known producers of Margaret River GI?

A

Cullen, Vasse Felix, Leeuwin Estate and Cape Mentelle

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76
Q

What are the popular grapes of Mount Barker subregion?

A

Riesling, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

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77
Q

What is the hottest appellation in Australia?

A

Swan Valley GI

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78
Q

What is the climate of Granite Belt?

A

Continental with plentiful summer rain, moderated by high altitude and cooler mountain air

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79
Q

What are the popular grapes of Granite Belt?

A

Semillon and Shiraz

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80
Q

What unofficial region of Queensland is likely to become the state’s third GI?

A

Darling Downs

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81
Q

What is Australia’s coolest wine producing area?

A

Tasmania

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82
Q

What are the popular grapes of Tasmania?

A

Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Noir and Cab Sauv

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83
Q

Where does Pinot Noir flourish in Tasmania?

A

In the Pipers River area

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84
Q

Where does Cabernet Sauvignon flourish in Tasmania?

A

in the Tamar Valley and Coal River areas

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85
Q

What are the 6 states of Australia?

A
  • Western Australia
  • Queensland
  • Victoria
  • South Australia
  • New South Wales
  • Tasmania
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86
Q

Where is the Central Western Australia zone?

A

Western Australia, Australia

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87
Q

Where is the Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia zone?

A

Western Australia, Australia

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88
Q

Where is the Greater Perth zone?

A

Western Australia, Australia

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89
Q

What are the regions of Greater Perth?

A
  • Peel
  • Perth Hills
  • Swan District
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90
Q

Where is Peel region?

A

Greater Perth, Western Australia, Australia

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91
Q

Where is the Perth Hills region?

A

Greater Perth, Western Australia, Australia

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92
Q

Where is the Swan District region?

A

Greater Perth, Western Australia, Australia

93
Q

What is the subzone of Swan District region?

A

Swan Valley

94
Q

Where is Swan Valley?

A

Swan District, Greater Perth, Western Australia, Australia

95
Q

Where is the South West Australia zone?

A

Western Australia, Australia

96
Q

What are the regions of the South West Australia zone?

A
  • Blackwood Valley
  • Geographe
  • Manjimup
  • Margaret River
  • Pemberton
  • Great Southern
97
Q

Where is Blackwood Valley?

A

South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

98
Q

Where is Geographe?

A

South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

99
Q

Where is Manjimup?

A

South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

100
Q

Where is Margaret River?

A

South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

101
Q

Where is Pemberton?

A

South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

102
Q

Where is Great Southern?

A

South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

103
Q

What are the subzones of the Great Southern region?

A
  • Albany
  • Denmark
  • Frankland River
  • Mount Barker
  • Porongurup
104
Q

Where is Albany?

A

Great Southern, South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

105
Q

Where is Denmark?

A

Great Southern, South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

106
Q

Where is Frankland River?

A

Great Southern, South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

107
Q

Where is Mount Barker?

A

Great Southern, South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

108
Q

Where is Porongurup?

A

Great Southern, South West Australia, Western Australia, Australia

109
Q

Where is West Australia South East Coastal?

A

Western Australia, Australia

110
Q

What are the 5 zones of Western Australia?

A
  • Central Western Australia
  • Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia
  • Greater Perth
  • South West Australia
  • West Australia South East Coast
111
Q

What are the two regions of Queensland?

A
  • South Burnett

- Granite Belt

112
Q

Where is South Burnett?

A

Queensland, Australia

113
Q

Where is Granite Belt?

A

Queensland, Australia

114
Q

What are the 6 zones of Victoria?

A
  • Central Victoria
  • Gippsland
  • North East Victoria
  • North West Victoria
  • Port Phillip
  • Western Victoria
115
Q

Where is the Central Victoria zone?

A

Victoria, Australia

116
Q

What are the regions of Central Victoria?

A
  • Bendigo
  • Goulburn Valley
  • Heathcote
  • Strathbogie Ranges
  • Upper Goulburn
117
Q

Where is Bendigo?

A

Central Victoria, Victoria, Australia

118
Q

Where is Goulburn Valley?

A

Central Victoria, Victoria, Australia

119
Q

Where is Heathcote?

A

Central Victoria, Victoria, Australia

120
Q

Where is Strathbogie Ranges?

A

Central Victoria, Victoria, Australia

121
Q

Where is Upper Goulburn?

A

Central Victoria, Victoria, Australia

122
Q

What is the subzone within Goulburn Valley?

A

Nagambie Lakes

123
Q

Where is Nagambie Lakes?

A

Goulburn Valley, Central Victoria, Victoria, Australia

124
Q

Where is the Gippsland zone?

A

Victoria, Australia

125
Q

Where is the North East Victoria zone?

A

Victoria, Australia

126
Q

What are the regions of the North East Victoria zone?

A
  • Alpine Valleys
  • Beechworth
  • Glenrowan
  • King Valley
  • Rutherglen
127
Q

Where is Alpine Valleys?

A

North East Victoria, Victoria, Australia

128
Q

Where is Beechworth?

A

North East Victoria, Victoria, Australia

129
Q

Where is Glenrowan?

A

North East Victoria, Victoria, Australia

130
Q

Where is King Valley?

A

North East Victoria, Victoria, Australia

131
Q

Where is Rutherglen?

A

North East Victoria, Victoria, Australia

132
Q

Where is the North West Victoria zone?

A

Victoria, Australia

133
Q

Where is Murray Darling?

A

North West Victoria, Victoria// Big Rivers, New South Wales, Australia

134
Q

Where is Swan Hill?

A

North West Victoria, Victoria// Big Rivers, New South Wales, Australia

135
Q

What are the two regions of the North West Victoria zone?

A
  • Murray Darling

- Swan Hill

136
Q

Where is Port Phillip?

A

Victoria, Australia

137
Q

What are the regions of the Port Phillips zone?

A
  • Geelong
  • Macedon Ranges
  • Mornington Peninsula
  • Sunbury
  • Yarra Valley
138
Q

Where is Geelong?

A

Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia

139
Q

Where is Macedon Ranges?

A

Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia

140
Q

Where is Mornington Peninsula?

A

Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia

141
Q

Where is Sunbury?

A

Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia

142
Q

Where is Yarra Valley?

A

Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia

143
Q

Where is the Western Victoria zone?

A

Victoria, Australia

144
Q

What are the regions within the Western Victoria zone?

A
  • Grampians
  • Henty
  • Pyrenees
145
Q

Where is Grampians?

A

Western Victoria, Victoria, Australia

146
Q

Where is Henty?

A

Western Victoria, Victoria, Australia

147
Q

Where is Pyrenees?

A

Western Victoria, Victoria, Australia

148
Q

What is the subzone of Grampians?

A

Great Western

149
Q

Where is Great Western?

A

Grampians, Western Victoria, Victoria, Australia

150
Q

What are the 8 zones of New South Wales?

A
  • Big Rivers
  • Central Ranges
  • Hunter Valley
  • North Rivers
  • Northern Slopes
  • South Coast
  • Southern New South Wales
  • Western Plains
151
Q

Where is the Big Rivers zone?

A

New South Wales, Australia

152
Q

What are the regions within the Big Rivers zone?

A
  • Murray Darling
  • Perricoota
  • Riverina
  • Swan Hill
153
Q

Where is Perricoota?

A

Big Rivers, New South Wales, Australia

154
Q

Where is Riverina?

A

Big Rivers, New South Wales, Australia

155
Q

Where is the Central Ranges zone?

A

New South Wales, Australia

156
Q

What are the regions within the Central Ranges zone?

A
  • Cowra
  • Mudgee
  • Orange
157
Q

Where is Cowra?

A

Central Ranges, New South Wales, Australia

158
Q

Where is Mudgee?

A

Central Ranges, New South Wales, Australia

159
Q

Where is Orange?

A

Central Ranges, New South Wales, Australia

160
Q

Where is the Hunter Valley zone?

A

New South Wales, Australia

161
Q

What is the region of the Hunter Valley zone?

A

Hunter

162
Q

Where is the Hunter region?

A

Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia

163
Q

What are the subregions of Hunter?

A
  • Broke Fordwich
  • Pokolbin
  • Upper Hunter Valley
164
Q

Where is Broke Fordwich?

A

Hunter, Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia

165
Q

Where is Pokolbin?

A

Hunter, Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia

166
Q

Where is Upper Hunter Valley?

A

Hunter, Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia

167
Q

Where is the North Rivers zone?

A

New South Wales, Australia

168
Q

What is the region within the North Rivers zone?

A

Hastings River

169
Q

Where is Hastings River?

A

North Rivers, New South Wales, Australia

170
Q

What is the region within the Northern Slopes zone?

A

New England Australia

171
Q

Where is New England Australia?

A

Northern Slopes, New South Wales, Australia

172
Q

Where is the South Coast zone?

A

New South Wales, Australia

173
Q

What are the regions within the South Coast zone?

A
  • Shoalhaven Coast

- Southern Highlands

174
Q

Where is Shoalhaven Coast?

A

South Coast, New South Wales, Australia

175
Q

Where is Southern Highlands?

A

South Coast, New South Wales, Australia

176
Q

Where is Southern New South Wales?

A

New South Wales, Australia

177
Q

What are the regions within the Southern New South Wales zone?

A
  • Canberra District
  • Tumbarumba
  • Hilltops
  • Gundagai
178
Q

Where is Canberra District?

A

Southern New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia

179
Q

Where is Tumbarumba?

A

Southern New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia

180
Q

Where is Hilltops?

A

Southern New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia

181
Q

Where in Gundagai?

A

Southern New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia

182
Q

Where is the Western Plains zone?

A

New South Wales, Australia

183
Q

Where is the Adelaide superzone?

A

South Australia, Australia

184
Q

What are the zones of the Adelaide superzone?

A
  • Barossa
  • Fleurieu
  • Mount Lofty Ranges
185
Q

Where is the Barossa zone?

A

Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

186
Q

Where is Barossa Valley?

A

Barossa, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

187
Q

Where is Eden Valley?

A

Barossa, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

188
Q

What are the regions of the Barossa zone?

A
  • Barossa Valley

- Eden Valley

189
Q

What is the subregion of Eden Valley?

A

High Eden

190
Q

Where is High Eden?

A

Eden Valley, Barossa, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

191
Q

Where is the Fleurieu zone?

A

Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

192
Q

What are the regions of the Fleurieu zone?

A
  • Currency Creek
  • Kangaroo Island
  • Langhorne Creek
  • McLaren Vale
  • Southern Fleurieu
193
Q

Where is Currency Creek?

A

Fleurieu, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

194
Q

Where is Kangaroo Island?

A

Fleurieu, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

195
Q

Where is Langhorne Creek?

A

Fleurieu, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

196
Q

Where is McLaren Vale?

A

Fleurieu, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

197
Q

Where is Southern Fleurieu?

A

Fleurieu, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

198
Q

Where is Mount Lofty Ranges?

A

Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

199
Q

What are the regions of Mount Lofty Ranges?

A
  • Adelaide Hills
  • Adelaide Plains
  • Clare Valley
200
Q

Where is Adelaide Hills?

A

Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

201
Q

Where is Lenswood?

A

Adelaide Hills, Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

202
Q

Where is Picadily Valley?

A

Adelaide Hills, Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

203
Q

Where is Adelaide Plains?

A

Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

204
Q

Where is Clare Valley?

A

Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide superzone, South Australia, Australia

205
Q

Where is the Far North zone?

A

South Australia, Australia

206
Q

What is the sole region of the Far North ?

A

Southern Flinders Ranges

207
Q

Where is Southern Flinders Ranges?

A

Far North, South Australia, Australia

208
Q

Where is the Limestone Coast zone?

A

South Australia, Australia

209
Q

What are the regions within the Limestone Coast zone?

A
  • Coonawarra
  • Mount Benson
  • Padthaway
  • Robe
  • Wrattonbully
  • Mount Gambier
210
Q

Where is Coonawarra?

A

Limestone Coast, South Australia, Australia

211
Q

Where is Mount Benson?

A

Limestone Coast, South Australia, Australia

212
Q

Where is Padthaway?

A

Limestone Coast, South Australia, Australia

213
Q

Where is Robe?

A

Limestone Coast, South Australia, Australia

214
Q

Where is Wrattonbully?

A

Limestone Coast, South Australia, Australia

215
Q

Where s Mount Gambier?

A

Limestone Coast, South Australia, Australia

216
Q

Where is the Lower Murray zone?

A

South Australia, Australia

217
Q

What is the sole region within the Lower Murray zone?

A

Riverland

218
Q

Where is Riverland?

A

Lower Murray, South Australia, Australia

219
Q

Where is The Peninsulas zone?

A

South Australia, Australia

220
Q

What are the unofficial subregions of Northern Tasmania?

A
  • Pipes River
  • Tamar Valley
  • North West Coast
221
Q

Where is Pipes River?

A

Northern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

222
Q

Where is Tamar Valley?

A

Northern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

223
Q

Where is North West Coast?

A

Northern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

224
Q

What are the unofficial subregions of Southern Tasmania?

A
  • Derwent Valley
  • Huon Valley
  • Coal River/ Richmond
  • The East Coast (Canbrook/Bicheno area)
225
Q

Where is Derwent Valley?

A

Southern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

226
Q

Where is Huon Valley?

A

Southern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

227
Q

Where is Coal River/Richmond?

A

Southern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

228
Q

Where is The East Coast?

A

Southern Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia