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12 Theology: Knowledge of God > Augustine & Karl Barth on Original Sin vs Aquinas’ Natural Theology > Flashcards

Augustine & Karl Barth on Original Sin vs Aquinas’ Natural Theology Flashcards

1
Q

Q: Who influenced Karl Barth’s views on original sin and human reason?

A

A: Augustine.

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2
Q

Q: What did Augustine claim happened to our ability to reason after the Fall?

A

A: It became corrupted by original sin.

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3
Q

Q: How does Barth view the use of human reason in natural theology?

A

A: He views it as dangerous because human reason is corrupted by original sin.

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4
Q

Q: What does Barth mean by “the finite has no capacity for the infinite”?

A

A: Our finite minds cannot grasp God’s infinite being.

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5
Q

A: Our finite minds cannot grasp God’s infinite being.

A

A: It is idolatry, putting earthly things on the level of God.

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6
Q

Q: What does Barth suggest idolatry can lead to?

A

A: The worship of nations and even movements like the Nazis.

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7
Q

Q: What is Barth’s view on human reason after the Fall?

A

A: It is corrupted and cannot reach God or God’s morality.

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8
Q

Q: How does Barth believe we can know God?

A

A: Only through faith in God’s revelation in the Bible.

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9
Q

Q: What does Aquinas accept about God’s nature?

A

A: That God’s infinite nature is beyond our understanding.

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10
Q

Q: What does Barth claim about reason’s ability to know God?

A

A: Reason has ‘no capacity,’ or zero ability, to know anything whatsoever of God due to original sin.

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11
Q

Q: What three ‘goods’ did pre-fall human nature contain according to Aquinas?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Properties of a human soul, an inclination towards the good, and original justice/righteousness.

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12
Q

Q: What was completely destroyed by original sin according to Aquinas?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Original justice/righteousness.

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13
Q

Q: Despite original sin, what does Aquinas argue was not destroyed in humans?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Rationality and its accompanying inclination towards the good.

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14
Q

Q: According to Aquinas, what is necessary for a being to be capable of sinning?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

Rationality

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15
Q

Q: Why does Aquinas argue that post-lapsarian humans are still rational beings?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Because the doctrine of original sin claims humans can still sin, which requires rationality.

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16
Q

Q: What does Aquinas believe still inclines us towards goodness despite original sin?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Our reason, through synderesis.

17
Q

Q: How does Aquinas diverge from Augustine regarding concupiscence?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Aquinas claims that concupiscence can sometimes be natural when passions are governed by reason.

18
Q

Q: What does Aquinas conclude about our orientation towards the good despite original sin?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: It has not been destroyed; our reason can still incline us towards goodness.

19
Q

Q: How does original sin affect our inclination towards goodness, according to Aquinas?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: It can diminish it by creating a habit of acting against it.

20
Q

Q: What role does God’s grace play in Aquinas’ view of reason and original sin?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: With God’s grace, our reason can discover knowledge of God’s existence and natural moral law.

21
Q

Q: What is Aquinas’ view on the validity of natural theology?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Natural theology is valid because reason can still incline us towards goodness and discover knowledge of God.

22
Q

Q: How does Aquinas define the natural law?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: “Participation of the eternal law in the rational creature is called the natural law.”

23
Q

Q: What is Aquinas’ stance on the balance of good and bad in human nature?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Human nature contains both good and bad, and it is up to us to choose rightly.

24
Q

Q: What is synderesis according to Aquinas?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: It is the innate habit of the mind that directs us towards good and away from evil.

25
Q

Q: Why does Aquinas believe that natural theology can support faith?

Aquinas defends his natural theology from original sin

A

A: Because our reason, even after the Fall, can still incline us towards the good and help us discover truths about God.

26
Q

Q: Why does Barth argue that our reasoning about God’s existence and morality is corrupted?

However, Barth still seems correct

A

A: Because being corrupted by original sin makes our reasoning about God’s existence and morality also corrupted.

27
Q

Q: What does Barth believe about our ability to discover natural law?

However, Barth still seems correct

A

A: Even if there is a natural law, we are unable to discover it reliably due to our corrupted nature.

28
Q

Q: What does Barth think about relying on human reason for understanding God and morality?

However, Barth still seems correct

A

A: Barth believes that the bad in our nature makes it unreliable to depend on human reason for understanding God and morality.

29
Q

Q: According to Barth, how does humanity’s belief in its own ability to know God lead to arrogance?

However, Barth still seems correct

A

A: Humanity’s belief that it has the ability to know anything of God is the same arrogance that led Adam and Eve to disobey God.

30
Q

Q: How does Barth connect the arrogance of natural theology to historical events?

However, Barth still seems correct

A

A: He argues that the arrogance of natural theology, believing in humanity’s power to figure out right and wrong, led to the certainty of the Nazis in their own superiority.

12 Theology: Knowledge of God (11 decks)

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