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Anatomy Module 8 > Auditory > Flashcards

Auditory Flashcards

1
Q

Contains vestibulocochlear organ

A

EAR

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2
Q

Consists of 3 main parts which are

A

External Middle Interana

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3
Q

collects sounds

A

Auricle

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4
Q

conducts sounds

to tympanic memb

A

External acoustic meatus

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5
Q

Shell like part

Consists of single elastic cartilage which is continuous w/ cartilage of ext acoustic meatus

A

Auricle

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6
Q

True or false: The Auricle Contains hair,sweat/sebaceous glands
Shape varies

A

True

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7
Q

no cartilage, can be pierced for earring

A

Lobule`

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8
Q

Auditory passage

Extends fr concha to tympanic membr[TM]

A

External Acoustic Meatus

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9
Q

S shaped, 2.5 cm long

A

External Acoustic Meatus

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10
Q

Composition of external meatus

A

Lateral/3 = cartilage -Medial 2/3 = bony

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11
Q

True or fasle

Infants= pure cartilage

A

True

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12
Q

COmposiion of Lateralpart of Meatus

A

Hair follicles
Sebaceous gl
Ceruminous gl

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13
Q

Lined w/ thin skin and Isthmus

A

Medial parts

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14
Q

Consricted part of medial external meatus

A

Isthmus

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15
Q

Arterial supply of ear

A

1] Post auricular branch of external carotid artery
2] Deep auricular branch of
maxillary artery
3] Auricular br of superficial temporal artery

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16
Q

Venous drainage ofe Aer

A

1] External jugular vein
2] Maxillary vein
3] Pterygoid plexus

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17
Q

NErveSupply

A

1] Auriculotempral n fr CN V
2] Tympanic plexus fr CN VII
3] Auricular branch fr CN X

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18
Q

How is Meatus directed?

A

Directed anteriorly and medially

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19
Q

When doing otoscopy, how do you examine the ear?

A

Pull the ear
Superiorly
Posteriorly
Laterally

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20
Q

Thin, semitransparent,oval membrane

Medial end of EAM

A

Tympanic Membrane

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21
Q

Separates external from middle ear
Oblique and slopes inferomedially
Pearly gray and shiny

A

Tympanic Membrane

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22
Q

Central depression of meatus formed by handleof Malleus

A

, umbo

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23
Q

What is the bright are that emanates in umbo?

A

cone of light

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24
Q

True or false:
The Tympanic Membrane does not move in response to air vibrations that pass to it
Vibrations are transmitted from TM by auditory ossicles through the middle ear to internal ear

A

false
Moves in response to air vibrations that pass to it
Vibrations are transmitted from TM by auditory ossicles through the middle ear to internal ear

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25
Q

Arterial Supply of Tympanic Membrane

A

Maxillary artery
Deep auricular a
Posterior auricular a
Tympanic branch

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26
Q

Venous Drainage of tympanic

A

External jugular vein

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27
Q

Nerve supplyof tympanic

A

Auriculotemporal n [CN V3]

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28
Q

Possible etiology of Perforation of Tympanic Membrane leadinf to deafness

A

Foreign Bodies
> Infection
> Excessive Pressure as in scuba diving

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29
Q

Middle ear

A

Narrow cavity in petrous part of temporal bone

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30
Q

Contents of middle ear

A

Auditory ossiscles
Stapedius
Tensor tympani
Chorda tympani

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31
Q

Anterior and Posterior connection of middle ear

A

Anterior: Nasopharynx
Posterosuperior: mastoid antrum

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32
Q

What are the walls of middle ear

A
  1. Roof or Tegmental
  2. Floor or Jugular
  3. Lateral or Membranous
  4. Medial or Labyrinthine
  5. Posterior or Mastoid
  6. Interior or Carotid wall
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33
Q

Roof or Tegmental is formed by?

A
  • formed by tegmen tympani

- separates ME fr dura

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34
Q

Floor or Jugular is fromed by?

A
  • formed by bone

- sep ME fr int jugular vein

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35
Q

wall of mid ear formed by tymp membr

A

Lateral or Membranous

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36
Q

where Semicircular ducts and cochlea are found

-sep ME from inner ear

A

Medial or Labyrinthine

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37
Q

2 small window of labyrinthe

A

Fenestra vestibuli

Fenestra cochlea

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38
Q

window closed by base of stapes

-through this window, vibrations of stapes are transmitted to inner ear

A

Fenestra vestibuli

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39
Q
  • closed by a secondary TM

- allows perilymph to move in response to impulses

A

Fenestra cochlea

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40
Q

2 openings w/c connects which connect carotid with;;

A

1] w/ canal occupied by tensor tympani

2] w/ nasopharynx thru auditory tube

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41
Q

leads to mastoid antrum via an opening, aditus

-pyramidal eminence

A

MAstoid wall or posterior wall of Tm

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42
Q

Funnel shaped

Connects NP to middle ear

A

Auditory Tube

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43
Q

Size and composition of auditory tube

A

3.5 to 4.0 cm long

1/3 bone, 2/3 cartilage

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44
Q

Functions to Equalize pressure in middle ear w/ ATM pressure

A

Audiroty Tube

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45
Q

Arterrial Supple of Auditory tube

A

1]Ascending pharyngeal a
2]middle meningeal art
3] artery of pterygoid canal

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46
Q

Venous drainage of Auditory tube

A

Pterygoid plexus

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47
Q

innervated by Tympanic plexus[CN VII and IX]

A

Auditory tube

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48
Q

Ear bones
Form a chain across middle ear
From TM to oval window

A

Auditory ossicle

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49
Q

True or F of Auditory Tube:

Function:Decrease the force but increaseamplitude of vibrations transmitted fr TM

A

False

Function: Increase the force but decrease amplitude of vibrations transmitted fr TM

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50
Q

The ossicles

A

1] MALLEUS
2] INCUS
3] STAPES

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51
Q

rounded superior part
lies in epitympanic recess
articulates w/ incus

A

Head of Malleus

52
Q

lies vs flaccid part of TM

where chorda tympani nerve crosses

A

Neck of Malleues

53
Q

What is the characteristic of handle of malleus?

A

embedded in TM

where tendon of tensor tympani inserts

54
Q

3 parts of Malleus

A

Head,Neck, Handle

55
Q

3 parts of Incus

A

1]Body
2]Long process
3]Short process
4]Lenticular process

56
Q

Artic w/ head of malleus

A

Body of incus

57
Q

Artic w/ stapes

A

Lonfg process

58
Q

Connected to tympanic cavity by a ligament

A

Short process

59
Q

Artic w/ head of stapes

A

Lenticular proceess

60
Q

Smallest ear bone

61
Q

Parts of Stapes

A

Base and HEad

62
Q

fits into oval window

A

Base of stapes

63
Q

artic w/ lenticular proc of incus

A

head of stapes

64
Q

Muscles Moving the Ossicles and Tympanic Membrane

A

Tensor tympani

Stapedius

65
Q
  • 2 cm long muscle
A

Tensor tympani

66
Q

Originates from:

  • cartilaginous part of auditory tube
  • greater wing of sphenoid bone
  • petrous part of temp bone
A

Tensor tynpani

67
Q

FUnction of Tensor tympanu

A

pulls handle of malleus thus tenses TM
reduces amplitude of oscillation
prevents damage to int ear when exposed to loud sounds

68
Q

Insertion of tensor tympani

A

Handle of Malleus

69
Q

Innervation of T.tympani

A

Mandibular nerve CN V3

70
Q

Muscle that:
Reduces oscillatory range
Prevents excessive movement of stapes

71
Q

Inserts to Neck of stapes

72
Q

NS of stapedius

A

Nerve to stapedius [CN VII]

73
Q

-pyramidal eminence origin

74
Q

Contains the vestibulocochlear organ

Conc w/ reception of sound and maintenance of balance

75
Q

Compositiion of inner ear

A

Consists of sacs and ducts of membranous labyrinth

76
Q

Location of inner ear

A

petrous part of temporalbone

77
Q

What does the membranous system contain

A

endolymph and end organs for hearing and balance

78
Q

What structure is:
surrounded by perilymph
- suspended within bony labyrinth

A

Membranous labyrinth

79
Q

Coposirion of BONY LABYRINTH

A

Composed of:

  1. Cochlea
  2. Vestibule
  3. Semicircular canals
80
Q

Shell like

Contains the cochlear duct

81
Q

Parts of cochlea

A

Parts:

  1. Cupula
  2. Osseous spiral lamina
  3. Basilar membr
  4. Spiral ganglion-
  5. Organ of Corti
  6. Scala vestibuli-
  7. Scala tympani –
82
Q

What is the CUPULA

A

apex of cochlea

83
Q

shelf of bone of cochlea

A

Osseous spirallamina

84
Q

att to osl

A

Basilar membrane

85
Q

conc w/ auditory perception

A

Organ of Corti

86
Q

Scala vestibuli

A

conc w/ auditory perception

87
Q

Scala tympani of cochlea is related to?

A

related to tympanic cavity at fenestra cochlea

88
Q

Oval bony chamber

About 5 mm

89
Q

Contains utricle and saccule , w/c are parts of balancing apparatus

90
Q

The vestibule is continuous with

A

Continuous:

  1. Anteriorly w/ cochlea
  2. Posteriorly w/ SCC
91
Q

Bony canals w/c open into vestibule

Set at right angles to each other

A

Semicircular canals

92
Q

How many semicircular canals are there

A

3
Anterior
Posterior
Lateral

93
Q

True or false of the Semicirclar Canals
Forms 2/3 of a circle
About 1.5 mm diam except at swelling called ampulla

94
Q

Sacs and ducts in cavities of bony labyrinth

Follows the form of bony labyrinth but smaller

A

Membranous Labyrinth

95
Q

Contains watery fluid, endolymph

A

Membranous Labyrinth

96
Q

3 parts of membranous labyrinth

A

1] utricle and saccule
2] 3 semicircular ducts
3] cochlear duct

97
Q

Dilatations

With a specialized area of sensory epithelium,macula

A

Utricle and Saccule

98
Q

static organs for signaling position of the head in space

99
Q

2 types of macula

A

Macula utriculi – in utricle

Macula sacculi – in saccule

100
Q

extensions of semicircular ducts which is a sensory area

A

crista ampullaris

101
Q

True or false:

Hairs of cristae are supplied by primary sensory neurons whose cell bodies are in audiory ganglion

A

false

Hairs of cristae are supplied by primary sensory neurons whose cell bodies are in vestibular ganglion

102
Q

Spiral, blind tube firmly fixed to cochlear canal by spiral ligament

A

Cochlear Duct

103
Q

Parts of cochlear duct

A

Vestibular memb = roof
Basilar memb = floor
Spiral organ [of Corti] = receptor of auditory stimuli

104
Q

= contains hair cells that respond to vibrations induced in the endolymph by sound waves

A

Spiral organ or corti

105
Q

Trace the counterparts of cochlea, SC canal and Vestibule which is bony membranous and sensory organ

A

Bony Memb Sense organ
Cochlea  Cochlear duct Organ of Corti
SC canal SC duct  Crista terminalis
Vestibule Utricle/Saccule Macula

106
Q

Narrow canal
Runs laterally for about 1 cm
Within petrous part of temporal bone

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus

107
Q

True or false:
The Interan Acoustic MEatuis is open laterally by a thin, perforated plate of bone that separates it from internal ear
Through his plate pass CN 6, and 7

A

False:
Closed laterally by a thin, perforated plate of bone that separates it from internal ear
Through his plate pass CN VII, VIII

108
Q

What divides near lateral end of IAM into anterior cochlear portion and posterior vestibular portion

A

Vestibulocochlear n

109
Q

Trace Pathway of Sound Conduction

A 
1Auricle
2 External acoustic meatus
3 Tympanic membrane
4 Ossicles [malleus,incus,stapes]
 5   Perilymph vibrations 
6Cochlea
7 CN VIII
8 Brain
110
Q

Conditio where there is Formation of spongy bone around stapes and fenestra vestibuli

A

Otosclerosis

111
Q

T or F
Otosclerosis may stop movement of base of stapes
and can cause deafness

112
Q

Inflammation of middle ear

-May spread to tegmen tympani

A

Otitis Media

113
Q

True or False:

doesnt cause inflammation of meninges

A

Fasle:

-Causes inflammation of meninges

114
Q

Inflammation of external acoustic meatus

A

Otitis externa

115
Q

Does otitis externa cause pain?

A

YES

Movement of tragus causes pain bec cartilage in it is continuous w/ EAM

116
Q

Forms a route through which infections pass from nasopharynx to middle ear and is blocked by swelling of its mucous membrane

A

Auditory tuve

117
Q

In auditory tube,

There is Elevation of pressure in t.c., and retraction of t.m.hence Hearing is reduced

A

False
Lowering of pressure in t.c., retraction of t.m.
Hearing reduced

118
Q

Tympanic muscles have protective action

Dampen large vibrations of t.m. from loud noises

A

Hyperacusia

119
Q

What is paralyzed in hyperacusis

A

stapedius [lesion of CN VII results in excessive hearing

120
Q

Results from uninhibited movement of stapes

A

hyperacusis

121
Q

Spherical sinus
At temporal bone
Connected to tymp cavity by aditus

A

Mastoid antrum and cells

122
Q

What separates mastoid antrum and cells fromMIDDLE cranial foosaa

A

Separated from middle cranial fossa by tegmen tympani

123
Q

Result fr infection of middle ear

During surgery, ENT shld not injure facial nerve, Drill handlers, machine operators, tractor drivers

A

Mastoiditis

124
Q

Persistent exposure to loud sounds

Causes degenerative changes in spiral organ at base of cochlea

A

High tone deafness

125
Q

Injury to ear by an imbalance in pressure between surrounding air and air in middle ear
In fliers, divers, parachuters,

A

ototic barotrauma

Anatomy Module 8 (3 decks)

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