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Audiology and Speech Perception > Audiology - Testing > Flashcards

Audiology - Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What information should be included when taking a case history regarding hearing?

A

Background details (for child inc pre- and peri-natal)

Family history of hearing

Hearing difficulties experienced

Audiological history

Educational history

Occupational history

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2
Q

What are the two classifications of hearing tests?

A

Subjective or objective

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3
Q

What is meant by a subjective hearing test?

A

A test which measures perception of an auditory stimulus

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4
Q

What is meant by an objective hearing test?

A

A direct hearing test which measures physiological response to auditory stimuli

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5
Q

How can you ensure the reliability of hearing tests?

A

Follow the British Society of Audiology recommendations, use specialised calibrated equipment, minimise background noise

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6
Q

What is the most frequent way of representing human hearing levels?

A

A pure tone audiogram

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7
Q

What does a pure tone audiogram plot?

A

Intensity vs frequency

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8
Q

What is ‘Audiometry’?

A

The testing of a person’s ability to hear various sound frequencies

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9
Q

What are the two purposes of hearing tests?

A

To SCREEN for a hearing problem and to DIAGNOSE (describe) the hearing impairment

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10
Q

What are the aims of hearing test screeners?

A

To identify hearing impairment quickly, cheaply and accurately

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11
Q

What are the aims of a diagnostic hearing test?

A

To describe the person’s hearing impairment and to create an audiological profile

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12
Q

Name some of the subjective hearing tests

A

Pure tone audiometry (air conduction / bone conduction), Toy tests (behavioural tests for children), Speech Audiometry

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13
Q

Name some of the objective procedures for hearing loss

A

Tympanograms (middle ear measurements), Auditory brainstem response, Oto-acoustic emissions

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14
Q

In an audiogram where is 0?

A

At the top (the graph is inverted!)

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15
Q

What does dbHL stand for?

A

Decibel Hearing Loss

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16
Q

Which axis on the audiogram is labelled with dbHL?

A

Y axis (intensity of sound)

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17
Q

What is measured on the X axis of the audiogram?

A

Frequency of sound

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18
Q

What is the unit used to measure frequency on the audiogram?

A

kHZ

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19
Q

What is meant by threshold of hearing?

A

The quietest audible sounds that can be heard

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20
Q

What are the normal thresholds on an audiogram?

A

minus 10dbHL to plus 15dbHL

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21
Q

What is meant by the dynamic range?

A

The difference between the quietest sounds and the loudest sounds we can hear

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22
Q

What are the two procedures for pure tone testing?

A

Air conduction and bone conduction

23
Q

What is an air conduction test?

A

When the stimulus travels through the outer and middle ear to reach the cochlea

24
Q

Which hearing system does the air conduction procedure test?

A

The peripheral hearing system

25
Q

What is a bone conduction test?

A

When the stimulus is given to the cochlea by-passing the outer and middle ear

26
Q

How is the right ear represented for an air conduction test on the audiogram?

A

0

27
Q

How is the left ear represented for a air conduction test on the audiogram?

A

x

28
Q

What does air conduction testing involve?

A

The client listens to stimuli presented to each ear separately. Client indicates when increasingly quiet sounds are heard

29
Q

What does bone conduction testing involve?

A

The simuli are bone conducted pure tones presented to each ear separately via a bone vibrator held to the mastoid processes

30
Q

What will a bone conduction test show?

A

Which is the better ear

31
Q

How can you attempt to ensure a response from each cochlea in a bone conduction test?

A

By keeping the non-test ear busy by masking the test-stimuli

32
Q

How do you mask the test-stimuli in a bone conduction test?

A

Present a narrow band (500 - 1500 Hz) noise to the non-test ear

33
Q

How is the right ear represented for a bone conduction test on the audiogram?

A

[

34
Q

How is the left ear represented for a bone conduction test on the audiogram?

A

]

35
Q

What is an unmasked bone conduction test represented on the audiogram?

A

With a triangle

36
Q

What is an unmasked bone conduction test?

A

When vibrations are put on the client’s forehead. This results in the better ear responding despite both ears responding

37
Q

Why can’t you deliver high intensities in a bone conduction test?

A

Because the client will feel the vibrations rather than responding to to the sounds

38
Q

What is the usual upper limit for test stimuli?

A

70dbHL

39
Q

Why might someone with severe profound hearing loss not be able to have a bone conduction test?

A

Because it would require stimuli above the upper test limit (70dBHL)

40
Q

What will a typical audiogram of an impaired ear show?

A

A sloping curve with better hearing in low frequencies and worse hearing in high frequencies

41
Q

What type of hearing loss does middle ear disease result in?

A

Conductive

42
Q

If someone is suffering from conductive hearing loss but not sensori-neural hearing loss, what will their audiogram show?

A

An air bone gap

43
Q

What will the audiogram characteristics be for someone suffering from sensori-neural hearing loss?

A

Both bone and air conduction results will be abnormal

44
Q

Why is air conduction affected in sensori-neural hearing loss?

A

Because the cochlea is damaged

45
Q

What is mixed hearing loss?

A

Sensori-neual and conductive hearing loss

46
Q

What will the audiogram characteristics be for someone suffering from mixed hearing loss?

A

Both bone and air conduction tests will be abnormal and there will be an air bone gap

47
Q

What is bilateral hearing loss?

A

Hearing loss in both ears (can be asymetrical or symetrical)

48
Q

What is unilateral hearing loss?

A

Hearing loss in only one ear

49
Q

What is the pure tone average for mild hearing loss?

A

20 - 39 dBHL

50
Q

What is the pure tone average for moderate hearing loss?

A

40 - 69 dBHL

51
Q

What is the pure tone average for severe hearing loss?

A

70 - 94 dBHL

52
Q

What is the pure tone average for profound hearing loss?

A

Greater than 94 dBHL

53
Q

What is meant by ‘congential’ hearing loss?

A

Hearing loss that is present at birth or up to 12-15 months (before language develops)

54
Q

What is meant by ‘acquired’ hearing loss?

A

Hearing loss that develops from 15 months (post-language)

Audiology and Speech Perception (6 decks)

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