Audiology: Pathologies Flashcards
Exogenous vs Endogenous
Exogenous means external factor and environmental factor (nonhereditary). Endogenous means internal factors -(hereditary )
Peripheral vs Central
peripheral - outer, middle, inner. Central is beyond cochlea
Congenital Malformation of the Pinna and External Ear Canal occur from?
Maldevelopment of the first pharyngeal pouch. this leads to middle ear and Eustachian tube malformation also.
What is a small/malformed or undeveloped pinna called?
Microtia
What is it called when there is an absent pinna?
Anotia
What is the absence or closure of External auditory meatus called?
Atresia
What is the narrowing of the canal in external Auditory meatus?
Stenosis
When cartilage in canal is flaccid and closes
Collapsed canal
Problems with outer ear can be fixed with what kind of plastic sugery?
Otoplasty
Does presence of foreign bodies in ear (a bug, or wax) result in HL?
No, as long as ear canal is not completely closed.
Will a tumor in outer ear give you a HL?
Depends on size of tumor, if growth closes canal, then there is HL
What is external otitis?
Often called ‘swimmers ear’ -Eardrum is fine - no HL
Does Myringitis result in HL?
Infection of TM, won’t have HL
What is the thickening/scarring of the tympanic membrane called?
Tympanosclerosis - usually not a HL, sometimes if severe, could be small conductive HL
A small hole or slit in the tympanic membrane is called?
Perforation of TM, and would not cause HL
What is hematoma?
a blood clot, depends on how big it is and usually does not cause HL
What is a hard bony growth of the External auditory meatus called?
Exostosis - won’t give hearing loss unless blocks entire ear canal
What is a spongy growth in ear?
Osteomas - depends on size that can result in HL
What is term for earache?
Otalgia
What is ear drainage called?
Otorrhea
What does STORCH mean and stand for?
Prenatal High risk factors Syphilis, Toxoplasmosis, Other, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex
What is Acute Otitis Media?
Defined as presence of middle ear effusion (fluid) with tympanic membrane inflammation.
What is treatment for Otosclerosis?
Stapedectomy - ossicles can be removed and replaced with titanium pin
What is treatment for mastoiditis?
mastoidectomy - drilled and removed out
What are the various treatments for otitis media?
Antibiotics, ventilation tubes, tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, tympanoplasty, myringotomy
What is non-organic HL referred as?
pseudohypoacusis -HL ‘faking it’
*inconsistent BC worse than AC
