Audiology

Question 1

approx range of conversational speech

Answer 1

20-50 dB HL and 250-6000 Hz

Question 2

normal

Answer 2

< or equal 25 dB for adults, 20 dB for kids

Question 3

mild

Answer 3

25-45 dB HL

Question 4

moderate

Answer 4

45-65 dB HL

Question 5

speech discrimination

Answer 5

(aka speech recognition)

expressed as % correct….usually from a list of 25 single syllable words, aud presentation only

Question 6

speech discrimination

Answer 6

(aka speech recognition)

expressed as % correct….usually from a list of 25 single syllable words, aud presentation only

Question 7

configuration

Answer 7

(shape, pattern) descriptions include: gradually sloping, severely sloping, reverse slope, flat, corner, notched, or cookie bit

Question 8

configuration

Answer 8

(shape, pattern) descriptions include: gradually sloping, severely sloping, reverse slope, flat, corner, notched, or cookie bit

Question 9

type

Answer 9

sensorineural (air bone gap)
conductive
mixed

—make sure to say unilateral or bilateral

Question 10

type

Answer 10

sensorineural (air bone gap)
conductive
mixed

—make sure to say unilateral or bilateral

Question 11

tympanometry peak height

Answer 11

high peak = more mobile ear drum

low peak = less mobile eardrum which may indicate a middle ear problem

**there is no maximum acceptable peak height, however, if the peak is off the chart, pass but may mean a hyper flaccid TM (due to scarring of TM or an assicular discontinuity)

Question 12

tympanometry peak height

Answer 12

high peak = more mobile ear drum

low peak = less mobile eardrum which may indicate a middle ear problem

**there is no maximum acceptable peak height, however, if the peak is off the chart, pass but may mean a hyper flaccid TM (due to scarring of TM or an assicular discontinuity)

Question 13

low peak on tymp

Answer 13

if peak is <.3 cm refer for re-screening in 6-8 weeks

…a low peak may refer to a less mobile eardrum which may indicate a middle ear problem

Question 14

low peak on tymp

Answer 14

if peak is <.3 cm refer for re-screening in 6-8 weeks

…a low peak may refer to a less mobile eardrum which may indicate a middle ear problem

Question 15

peak pressure

Answer 15

pressure near 0 (atmospheric pressure) means the eustachian time is functioning normally

Question 16

peak pressure

Answer 16

pressure near 0 (atmospheric pressure) means the eustachian time is functioning normally

Question 17

gradient

Answer 17

given in daPa - the gradient or width of the peak indicates the eardrum’s response to pressure change — abnormal gradient may mean a middle ear problem…

a high gradient: TM is more stiff or “sluggish” than normal, possibly due to a middle ear problem or a characteristics of the TM itself

if gradient is over >200 daPa: Refer for re-screen in 6-8 weeks

Question 18

gradient

Answer 18

given in daPa - the gradient or width of the peak indicates the eardrum’s response to pressure change — abnormal gradient may mean a middle ear problem…

a high gradient: TM is more stiff or “sluggish” than normal, possibly due to a middle ear problem or a characteristics of the TM itself

if gradient is over >200 daPa: Refer for re-screen in 6-8 weeks

Question 19

Perforation or P.E tubes

Answer 19

• if EVC (ear canal volume) is .2.0 AND there is no peak, low peak, or GR >200 daPa
• if there is a PE tube in place but the EVC is in the normal range, the tube may be blocked

Question 20

Perforation or P.E tubes

Answer 20

• if EVC (ear canal volume) is .2.0 AND there is no peak, low peak, or GR >200 daPa
• if there is a PE tube in place but the EVC is in the normal range, the tube may be blocked

Question 21

when to refer to audio

Answer 21

-passed outer/middle ear screening but did not pass hearing screening

Question 22

when to refer to audio

Answer 22

-passed outer/middle ear screening but did not pass hearing screening

Question 23

when to refer to MD

Answer 23

impacted cerumen in either or both ears,

-did not pass hearing AND did not pass temp, or did not pass rescreening, for either or both ears ….then f/u with audio for this situation

Question 24

when to refer to MD

Answer 24

impacted cerumen in either or both ears,

-did not pass hearing AND did not pass temp, or did not pass rescreening, for either or both ears ….then f/u with audio for this situation

Question 25

onset of hearing loss

Answer 25

• prelingual (before 2 years)
• peri-lingual (between 2 and 5/6 years of age
• post-lingual (after 6 years)
• adult onset

Question 26

onset of hearing loss

Answer 26

• prelingual (before 2 years)
• peri-lingual (between 2 and 5/6 years of age
• post-lingual (after 6 years)
• adult onset

Question 27

interpretation of speech discrimination skills

Answer 27

above 84% = excellent
72-85% = good
64-72% = fair
below 50% = poor

Question 28

interpretation of speech discrimination skills

Answer 28

above 84% = excellent
72-85% = good
64-72% = fair
below 50% = poor

Question 29

functional gain

Answer 29

when you compare aided to unaided thresholds

Question 30

effect of HL on supresegmental

Answer 30

• Rate: often slower, more effortful than normal-hearing speakers
• Pauses: due to the need for air or effortful articulation, rather than to add information (as in Clear Speech)
• Stress: Poor or no use of stress may be from unfamiliarity, because it is mostly an auditory event. This can result in a flat monotone
• Poor co-articulation: careful placement of articulators from learning one position (from speech therapy)

Question 31

HL impact on syntax

Answer 31

• Overuse of subject-verb-object structure
• Limited use of complex sentences, adverbs, prepositions
• Unusual word order
• Omission of plural markers (-s)
• Omission of articles (a, an, the)
• Tense problems: omission of –ed, mixing of present, past, future

Question 32

HL impact on semantics

Answer 32

• Concrete, restricted vocabulary
• Restricted use and understanding of idioms, probably due to lack of exposure
• Trouble with homonyms, homographs, homophones

Question 33

HL impact on pragmatics

Answer 33

• Communication breakdowns may lead to maladaptive strategies
• Turn-taking, topic maintenance difficulties
• Lack of eavesdropping can affect pragmatics—children learn adult behaviors through eavesdropping
• Children who grow up with ASL may have different pragmatic/cultural style

Question 34

speech production therapy with HL kid

Answer 34

• Encourage touch, tactile, and kinesthetic feedback, allowing client to feel your productions as well as his/her own e.g.,
• Voiced vs. voiceless consonants—hand on throat
• Production of /p/ vs. /b/ –hand in front of mouth or use a piece of paper to illustrate the difference in beathiness
• Production of stops vs. continuants, e.g. /t/ vs. /s/—with hand or mirror to show condensation of the breath

Question 35

language therapy with HL kid

Answer 35

• Schema: planned learning events, real or imaginary
• Experience books with pictures and items gathered from events in the child’s life
• Common routines with common language
• Sabotage of common routines to elicit language
• Strong, early emphasis on storytelling, reading, awareness of written language. (Yes, hearing parents should read to their Deaf children!)