Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Audio and sound reinforcement > Audio and sound reinforcement > Flashcards

Audio and sound reinforcement Flashcards

1
Q 
What we hear as sound is 'a class of
physical kinetic energy called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A

acoustical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is acoustical energy?

A

Acoustical energy consists of fluctuating waves of pressure in a physical medium - usually air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the rate of air pressure fluctuation

called ?

A

frequency of the wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the period of the wave?

A

The amount of time required for one complete cycle of a sound wave.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does a single complete cycle of an acoustical pressure wave consists of ?

A

one half-cycle of compression (higher pressure) of the air molecules, followed by one half-cycle of rarefaction (lower pressure) of the molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In order to be classified as sound, waves
of pressure in air must fluctuate at a
rate between _____ and _______ complete
cycles per second (cps)

A

20 and 20,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A wave’s period is expressed in _____ ___ ____

A

seconds per cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What musical attribute does frequency correspond with?

A

pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the equation for a waves period?

A

Period =1 / Frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or False

The lower the frequency the higher the pitch?

A

False

The higher the frequency the higher the pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the unit of measurement of frequency?

A

Hertz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the equation of wavelength?

A

Wavelength = speed of sound/ Frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

At what speed does sound wave travel through air?

A

Sound waves travel through air at the speed of 1130 ft/sec (344 m/sec) at sea level on a standard temperature day (which is 59 degrees Farenheit or
15 degrees Celsius).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The physical distance covered by one
complete cycle of a given frequency
sound as it passes through air is called
the wavelength.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The amplitude, or strength, of an audio signal is called the _____ ____.

A

signal level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an audio signal?

A

An audio signal is an electrical representation of a sound, in the form of a fluctuating voltage or current

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the phase of signal?

A

The time relationship of a sound wave (or an audio signal) to a known time reference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The speed of sound is _________ of frequency

A

independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is phase expressed in ?

A

Degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Level (acoustical or electrical) is specified in

A

decibels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

One complete cycle of a sine wave equals

A

360 degrees.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why is phase need to be controlled?

A

It affects how sounds add together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a sound system?

A

A sound system is a functional arrangement of electronic components that is designed to amplify (increase the strength of) sound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a sine wave?

A

A sine wave is a pure tone, a fundamental frequency with no harmonics (representing something like the sound of a flute).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sound systems amplify sound by converting it into _______ -________

A

electrical energy

26
Q

What is the fluctuating current/voltage in a input transducer is known as?

A

audio signal

27
Q

What is a transducers?

A

In audio electronics, devices that convert energy from one form into another

28
Q

Describe a Air Pressure or Velocity Microphones ?

A

convert sound waves traveling in air into an audio signal traveling in the mic cable.

29
Q

What are the 3 reasons for sound systems?

A

A) To help people hear something better.
B) To make sound louder for artistic reasons.
C) To enable people to hear sound in remote locations.

30
Q

What is a input transducer?

A

converts sound into a fluctuating electrical current or voltage which is a precise representation of the sound

31
Q

What are signal processors?

A

Devices that change one or more aspects of an audio signal

32
Q

What is Woofer loudspeakers?

A

designed specifically to reproduce low frequencies (usually below 500 Hz). Woofers sometimes are used to reproduce both low frequencies and some mid frequencies (normally not higher than 1.5 kHz)

33
Q

________ ______ convert fluctuating waves of induced magnetism into an audio signal. Found on
electric stringed instruments. This describes what input transducers?

A

Magnetic Pickups

34
Q

What are Phonograph Pickups (cartridges)?

A

convert physical movement of a stylus (“needle”) into an audio signal. I

35
Q

What is the output transducer?

A

converts the amplified or otherwise processed audio signal back into sound.

36
Q

convert fluctuating magnetic fields (imprinted on

magnetic recording tape) into an audio signal. This describes

A

Tape Heads

37
Q

Which output transducer was formerly called “squawkers?

A

Midrange loudspeakers

38
Q

What are Contact Pickups?

A

convert sound waves in a dense medium (wood, metal, skin) into an audio signal.

39
Q

______ full-range transducers designed to fit snugly

on the ears. Some designs block out ambient (external) sound, while others do not

A

Headphones

40
Q

What is Monitor loudspeakers?

A

full range loudspeakers that are pointed at the performer on stage, rather than out into the audience

41
Q

What are Laser Pickups?

A

Convert imprinted patterns on a compact disc

into a digital data stream that is then translated by a DAC (Digital to-Analog Converter) into an analog audio signal.

42
Q

Describe the Midrange loudspeakers

A

designed specifically to reproduce mid frequencies

typically above 500 Hz

43
Q

What are Contact Pickups?

A

convert sound waves in a dense medium (wood, metal, skin) into an audio signal.

44
Q

_______ _______ convert variations in the density or transparent area of a photographic film into an
audio signal.

A

Optical Pickups

45
Q

Which input transducer is found on electric stringed instruments?

A

Magnetic Pickups

46
Q

_______ ______ are sometimes used on acoustic

stringed instruments such as guitar, mandolin, violin,

A

Contact Pickups

47
Q

What are Optical Pickups typically used in?

A

Used for most motion picture sound tracks

48
Q

Describe the usage of woofers.

A

Woofers sometimes are used to reproduce both low frequencies and some mid frequencies (normally not higher than 1.5 kHz).

49
Q

______ ______integrated systems incorporating

woofer and tweeter (and, if used, midrange) drivers in a single enclosure.

A

Full-range loudspeakers

50
Q

Tweeter loudspeakers are designed to reproduce the ______1_____ (normally __2__ than
__3___, and usually above 6 kHz).

A
  1. highest frequencies
  2. higher
  3. 1.5 kHz
51
Q

What are Super-tweeter loudspeakers?

A

used to extend the range of full range systems in the highest frequencies (usually above 10 kHz)

52
Q

Describe the use of full-range loudspeaker

A

As the name implies, they are designed to reproduce the full audio range (more or less).

53
Q

____ ____ full range loudspeakers that are pointed

at the performer on stage, rather than out into the audience

A

Monitor loudspeakers

54
Q

What is the professional name for foldback?

A

Monitor loudspeakers

55
Q

What type of drivers are used in subwoofer loudspeaker?

A

Cone-type drivers are used nearly exclusively, and typically measure from 15 to 24 inches in
diameter, although a few special units are available with cone diameters approaching 5 feet.

56
Q

What is the range of full-ranger loudspeakers?

A

their range rarely extends below about 60 Hz.

57
Q

Typically, _________ drivers are used as woofers, measuring from 8 to 18 inches in diameter

A

cone-type

58
Q

What occurs when audio signals are mixed in a
console, or when sound waves mix in
the air?

A

they add algebraically

59
Q

What is a sine wave?

A

A sine wave is a pure tone, a fundamental frequency with no harmonics

60
Q

What are the uses of monitor loudspeaker?

A

They are used to return a portion of the program to the performer, to help him or her stay in tune and in time

Audio and sound reinforcement (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions