Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CSD > Aud > Flashcards

Aud Flashcards

1
Q

Hearing Science research led to the development of this instrument, which was first used by several otolaryngologists in clinical hearing assessments

A

The Audiometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The blue side of the audiometer goes to which ear; red to which ear

A

left ; right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False: The profession of audiology was conceived during WWII

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is amplification also known as?

A

Hearing Aids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who is the father of audiology?

A

Raymond Carhart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the six major audiology membership orgs?

A

AASC, ASHA, AAA, ABA, AAS, ADA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the admission requirements for AuD programs?

A

B.A. degree, an Official transcript, and letters of rec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

There is a high demand for more audiologists with which degree?

A

PhD Degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or False: AuD students see only medical treatment of hearing loss in patients of all ages

A

False; students see both medical and nonmedical treatments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who is known as the “mother” of pediatric audiology?

A

Marion Downs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

True or False: Aud’s provide nonmedical treatment to people with hearing impairments

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The majority of Audiologists are employed in which setting?

A

Medical settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: Some industries and manufacturers make equipment used to test hearing

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Out of ASHA’s 200k members, only __% are audiologists

A

4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

According to J. Hall, when did the first generation of formally educated audiologists enter the profession

A

1950’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Audiologists evaluate, diagnose, treat, and manage what three

A

Hearing Loss, Balance Disorders, and Clinical services for adults and children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Doctors of Audiology are healthcare professionals who provide services for patients are properly classified as…

A

Allied Health Clinicians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The Concha is shaped like a …

A

Bowl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The Concha increases sound levels by up to __ to __ dB in the frequency region of _____ Hz

A

10 to 15 dB; 4500 Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which part of the ear enhances localization of a sound?

A

Outer Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Localization?

A

The process of determining where a sound is coming from

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the External Ear Canal?

A

An S - Shaped tube that carries sound from the auricle to tympanic membrane (eardrum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

In the External Ear Canal, the lateral/outer 2/3 consists of _________, where the medial/inner 1/3 consists of ______

A

cartilage; bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The adult ear canal amplifies sound at a resonance frequency within _____ Hz and _____ Hz

A

2500; 3000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
True or False: The adult ear canals frequency region is very important in the perception of consonants and speech sounds
True
26
What substance helps minimize bacteria and fungus from infecting the ear canal?
Cerumen
27
What does the middle ear consist of?
The Tympanic Membrane and the space behind it
28
What two structures does the Tympanic Membrane separate?
The middle ear and external ear canal
29
Where is the eustachian tube located?
Toward the inferior and anterior border of the middle ear
30
What is the medial border of the middle ear space?
The promontory, round window, and oval window
31
What is the most flexible region of the tympanic membrane?
The Pars Flaccida
32
What is the largest and tightest portion of the tympanic membrane that contributes the most to hearing?
The Pars Tensa
33
Where does the cone of light appear?
In the anterior inferior quadrant of the tympanic membrane
34
Where are the ossicles located?
In the Middle Ear
35
What are the ossicles?
Three tiny bones that form the ossicular chain that connects the tympanic membrane to the inner ear
36
True or False: The ossicles are the smallest bones in our body
True
37
What are the three ossicles?
The Malleus, Incus, and Stapes
38
What are the three groups of audiologists that play a vital part in helping AuD transition into Audiologists?
Teachers of AuD Students, Clinical Preceptors, and Clinical Audiologists
39
What are Clinical Scholars?
Professionals who have expertise in providing patient services with research and experience
40
What does OMIN stand for?
Outer ear, Middle ear, Inner ear, auditory Nerve
41
What is the technical term for the Outer Ear?
Auricle
42
What is the Pinna?
The C-shaped portion of the outer ear
43
What are the main anatomical structures of the outer ear?
Pinna, Lobe, Concha, Helix, and Tragus
44
The Middle Ear is enclosed within the _________ bone (hardest bone in body)
Temporal Bone
45
What is the Attic?
Within the Middle Ear, it includes two air-filled spaces called the Aditus Ad Antrum and the Epitympanic recess
46
What two structures does the Eustachian Tube connect?
The Middle Ear space to the back of the nose and mouth at Nasopharynx
47
The _______ portion of the Eustachian Tube is always open while the ______ portion is always closed
bony; cartilaginous
48
The Outer Epidermal Layer of the Tympanic Membrane...
renews itself with old cells migrating outward through the ear canal and new cells forming in place
49
What is the outer rim of the Tympanic Membrane?
The Annulus connects with the bony wall of the External Ear Canal
50
Which ossicle is visible through the tympanic membrane?
Malleus
51
Where does the manubrium of the Malleus rest?
The manubrium rests against the inner portion of the Tympanic Membrane
52
The Lentricular Process of the Incus is connected to the head of which ossicle?
The Stapes
53
What is the Stapes ossicle?
the innermost stirrup-shaped ossicle that consists of a neck and two arch-shaped structures
54
What are the two arch-shaped structures within the Stapes?
The Anterior Crus and Posterior Crus
55
What is the medial portion of the Stapes?
The Stapes Footplate
56
What are the two small muscles and tendons attached to the ossicles?
The Tensor Tympani Muscle and the Stapedius Muscle
57
What is the Tensor Tympani Muscle?
A muscle that is connected to the malleus, innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V), that contracts during self generated sounds and reduces interference with external sounds
58
What is the Stapedius Muscle?
A muscle that inserts into the neck of the stapes, innervated by a branch of CN VIII, stabilizes the stapes bone, and is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body
59
What is the main function of the Middle Ear?
Impedance Matching
60
What is Impedance Matching?
Matching the low resistance of the air in the external ear canal to the high resistance of the fluid within the inner ear
61
If the energy is not transformed to overcome resistance mismatch, how much dB is lost?
30 dB is lost
62
What three factors contribute to increased energy as sound pressure passes from EEC to Inner Ear?
1. Tympanic Membrane is larger than Stapes footplate 2. Ossicles that connect TM to Inner Ear act as a lever 3. The TM shape contributes to increase in sound pressure reaching the inner ear
63
The middle ear increases energy by ___ to ___ dB
26 to 30 dB
64
In the inner ear, _______ activity from sound vibrations is converted into _______ activity
mechanical; electric
65
Which sounds activate hair cells in the base of the inner ear near the stapes footplate?
High-pitch sounds
66
Which sounds progressively activate hair cells toward the Apex of the inner ear?
Lower-pitch sounds
67
The normal human ear responds to frequencies as low as ___ Hz to ______ Hz (audibility range)
20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
68
What are the two general types of hair cells within the Cochlea?
Inner Hair Cells and Outer Hair Cells
69
Where are Inner Hair Cells located?
In the medial portion of the cochlea
70
Where are the Outer Hair Cells located?
In the lateral portion of the cochlea
71
There are 3 to 4x more _____ hair cells than _____ hair cells
outer; inner
72
True or False: Inner hair cells are afferent and Outer hair cells are efferent
True
73
Which hair cells change shape when activated?
Outer Hair Cells
74
Where is the inner ear located?
In the zygomatic process of the temporal bone (one of hardest bones in body)
75
What is function of the Mastoid Bone?
Plays a role in hearing tests that involve Bone Conduction Stimulation
76
What is the proper term for the inner ear?
Cochlea
77
What is Reissner's Membrane?
a membrane that separates the Scala Vestibuli from the Scala Media
78
The Scala Vestibuli and the Scala Tympani are filled with what cochlear fluid ?
Perilymph
79
The Scala Media is filled with which cochlear fluid?
Endolymph
80
What membrane separates the Scala Media from the Scala Tympani?
the Basilar Membrane
81
What structure forms the lateral border of the Scala Media?
the Stria Vascularis
82
What is the function of the Stria Vascularis?
Serves as a pump for transporting electrically charges ions into endolymph
83
What structure plays a crucial role in producing energy used by other structures in the cochlea, especially outer hair cells?
the Stria Vascularis
84
What is Endocochlear Potential (EP)?
a sizable positive electric charge within the scala media in comparison to the electrical state in other cochlea portions
85
What are Traveling Waves?
Motions of the Basilar Membrane in response to sound that occur behind the base of the cochlea towards the apex
86
The amplitude or size of the traveling waves along the Basilar Membrane in the cochlea depend on the _______ of the stimulus
Intensity
87
The region of maximum size of the traveling wave along the Basilar Membrane in the cochlea depends on the __________ of the stimulus
Frequency
87
What does the tonotopical organization of the cochlea describe?
it describes processing of sound of different frequencies at different locations along membrane
88
Where does the responsiveness to higher frequency sounds occur
Toward the tight and stiff basal end of the basilar membrane
89
Where does responsiveness to lower frequency sounds occur?
Toward the loose and less still apical end of the basilar membrane
90
Perilymph (scale vestibuli and scala tympani) contains a ____ concentration of sodium ions and a ____ concentration of potassium
high; low
91
Which cochlear fluid is most similar in composition to cerebrospinal fluid?
Perilymph
92
Which cochlear fluid shares features of fluids within most cells in the body?
Endolymph
93
Endolymph contains a ____ concentration of sodium ions and a ____ concentration of potassium ions
low; high
94
Which cochlear fluid has a significant positive ion (+80mC) compared to the other's neutral charge?
Endolymph
95
What membrane makes up the superior border of the Organ of Corti?
the Tectorial Membrane
96
What fluid is present in the Organ of Corti?
Cortilymph

CSD (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions