ATYPICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

Normality definition

Answer 1

Patterns of behaviour or personality traits that are typical or conform to a standard of acceptable ways of behaving

Question 2

Approaches to normality

Answer 2

Socio-cultural, Functional, Historical, Medical, Statistical, Situational

Question 3

Socio-cultural

Answer 3

Where the judgement of what is normal depends on the social and cultural approach in which the judgement is made.

Question 4

Functional

Answer 4

Where the judgement of what is normal depends on whether or not the person can cope with their everyday requirements

Question 5

Historical

Answer 5

Where the judgement of what is normal depends on the time period in which the judgement is made.

Question 6

Medical

Answer 6

Where the judgement of what is normal depends on the person’s physical difference

Question 7

Statistical

Answer 7

Conclusion about normality are made on the bias of an analysis of numerical data and calculator as to the way most people behave

Question 8

Situational

Answer 8

Normality is related to the factor to do with content (location) that are used to determine whether behaviour is typical or acceptable within that context

Question 9

Typical

Answer 9

What is acceptable or what can be expected to happen in most circumstances

Question 10

Atypical

Answer 10

Behaviour that are statistically unusual or not socially approved, cause distress to the person or interfere with their ability to function

Question 11

Adaptive

Answer 11

Behaviour that allow you to meet the demands of everyday living

Question 12

Maladaptive

Answer 12

• Behaviours that prevent you from meeting the demands of everyday living
• Can be potentially harmful

Question 13

DSM-5

Answer 13

• System of classifying and diagnosing mental disorders based on recognisable symptoms that are described.
• Information of the typical course of each disorder in how the disorder will progress, the age people are more likely to develop the disorder, degree of imprainement, if the disorder is likely to affect others in the family and if the disorder has a relationship with age, gender and culture.
• Does not suggest specific causes of any disorder unless a cause can definitely be established.
• Stands for diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 14

Stigma

Answer 14

Social disapproval of an individual’s characteristics, behaviour or beliefs

Question 15

Labelling

Answer 15

When certain characteristics of a person are used as a name or brand to describe them

Question 16

Biopsychosocial Model

Answer 16

A holistic approach to describing and explaining how biological, psychological and social factors combine and interact to influence a person’s mental health

Question 17

Biological Factors

Answer 17

Involves physiological influences, often not under our control

Question 18

Psychological Factors

Answer 18

Involves all those influences associated with mental processes

Question 19

Social Factors

Answer 19

An influence or behaviour that originates outside a person

Question 20

4P factor model

Answer 20

Predisposing Factors, Precipitating Factors, Perpetuating Factors, Protective Factors

Question 21

Predisposing Factors

Answer 21

Why me?
Increases susceptibility to developing mental illness
Example: a family history of a specific mental disorder

Question 22

Precipitating Factors

Answer 22

Why now?
Contributes to the occurrence of a mental illness (trigger)
Example: a genetic predisposition for developing schizophrenia as both parents have the disorder but then you smoke marijuana

Question 23

Perpetuating Factors

Answer 23

Why isn’t it stopping? Why is it getting worse?
Maintains the occurrence and inhibits recovery from mental illness
Example: continuing to use a substance

Question 24

Protective Factors

Answer 24

What could prevent this?
Prevents occurrence or reoccurrence
Good sleep habits, lack of substance abuse, upholding positive relationships with family and friends

Question 25

Mental health continuum

Answer 25

• Mentally healthy, mental health problem, mental disorder/illness
• The location of an individual on the continuum may vary or fluctuate over time depending on internal and external factors that combine to influence our mental health at different points in time.
• Duration, distress, disfunction, diagnosable