ATYPICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT Flashcards
Normality definition
Patterns of behaviour or personality traits that are typical or conform to a standard of acceptable ways of behaving
Approaches to normality
Socio-cultural, Functional, Historical, Medical, Statistical, Situational
Socio-cultural
Where the judgement of what is normal depends on the social and cultural approach in which the judgement is made.
Functional
Where the judgement of what is normal depends on whether or not the person can cope with their everyday requirements
Historical
Where the judgement of what is normal depends on the time period in which the judgement is made.
Medical
Where the judgement of what is normal depends on the person’s physical difference
Statistical
Conclusion about normality are made on the bias of an analysis of numerical data and calculator as to the way most people behave
Situational
Normality is related to the factor to do with content (location) that are used to determine whether behaviour is typical or acceptable within that context
Typical
What is acceptable or what can be expected to happen in most circumstances
Atypical
Behaviour that are statistically unusual or not socially approved, cause distress to the person or interfere with their ability to function
Adaptive
Behaviour that allow you to meet the demands of everyday living
Maladaptive
- Behaviours that prevent you from meeting the demands of everyday living
- Can be potentially harmful
DSM-5
- System of classifying and diagnosing mental disorders based on recognisable symptoms that are described.
- Information of the typical course of each disorder in how the disorder will progress, the age people are more likely to develop the disorder, degree of imprainement, if the disorder is likely to affect others in the family and if the disorder has a relationship with age, gender and culture.
- Does not suggest specific causes of any disorder unless a cause can definitely be established.
- Stands for diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Stigma
Social disapproval of an individual’s characteristics, behaviour or beliefs
Labelling
When certain characteristics of a person are used as a name or brand to describe them
Biopsychosocial Model
A holistic approach to describing and explaining how biological, psychological and social factors combine and interact to influence a person’s mental health
Biological Factors
Involves physiological influences, often not under our control
Psychological Factors
Involves all those influences associated with mental processes
Social Factors
An influence or behaviour that originates outside a person
4P factor model
Predisposing Factors, Precipitating Factors, Perpetuating Factors, Protective Factors
Predisposing Factors
Why me?
Increases susceptibility to developing mental illness
Example: a family history of a specific mental disorder
Precipitating Factors
Why now?
Contributes to the occurrence of a mental illness (trigger)
Example: a genetic predisposition for developing schizophrenia as both parents have the disorder but then you smoke marijuana
Perpetuating Factors
Why isn’t it stopping? Why is it getting worse?
Maintains the occurrence and inhibits recovery from mental illness
Example: continuing to use a substance
Protective Factors
What could prevent this?
Prevents occurrence or reoccurrence
Good sleep habits, lack of substance abuse, upholding positive relationships with family and friends
Mental health continuum
- Mentally healthy, mental health problem, mental disorder/illness
- The location of an individual on the continuum may vary or fluctuate over time depending on internal and external factors that combine to influence our mental health at different points in time.
- Duration, distress, disfunction, diagnosable
