Attlee Legacy

Question 1

What was the 1951 Election Result?

Answer 1

Conservative: 321 seats (48% vote)
Labour: 295 seats (48.8% vote)

Question 2

What was the Attlee Legacy (‘New Jersusalem’)?

Answer 2

1. Welfare State
2. Nationalisation
3. Indian Independence 1947
4. NATO
5. Nuclear Power
6. Housing

Question 3

Welfare State: What was this built on?

Answer 3

The Beveridge Report of 1942 by William Beveridge talked about 5 giants (major ills inflicting post-war Britain)
Want, Disease, Squalor, Idleness, Ignorance

Question 4

Welfare State: NHS

Answer 4

July 5th 1948
Passed in 1946
Resistance from BMA
Largest employer in Europe

Question 5

The National Insurance Act (1946)

Answer 5

Workers made regular contributions to the scheme in return fro benefits in the event of sickness and unemployment.

Question 6

The Industrial Injuries Act

Answer 6

Gave compensation to workers who suffered injuries in the workplace.

Question 7

The National Health Service Act (1946)

Answer 7

Aneurin Bevan, Minister for Health & Housing. Provide free health care system

Question 8

National Assistance Act (1948)

Answer 8

Further provision for the most vulnerable in society: disabled and elderly + hardship and poverty.
Ended poor law and was pressed by Aneurin Bevan

Question 9

Key phrase regarding the Welfare State

Answer 9

From Cradle to Grave

Question 10

What was Nationalisation?

Answer 10

Enacted principle that the government had the right to direct the key aspects of the economy in order to create social justice and effiency.

Question 11

What was Nationalised?

Answer 11

1. Government ownership of coal and Bank of England (1946)
2. Road Transport + Electricity 1947
3. Gas 1948
4. Iron and Steel 1949

Question 12

When was India given Independence?

Answer 12

1. 1947
2. Britain accepted that its possessions and retention of colonies involved unbearable burdens.
3. Indian split into two distinct states India and Pakistan.

Question 13

What was the significance of Britain giving independence to Britain?

Answer 13

1. Early symptoms of weakness
2. Start of decolonization
3. Allowed them to focus on issues within.
4. Fall of Britain as a Super Power

Question 14

When was NATO formed?

Answer 14

GB played a big role in the formation of NATO in 1949

Question 15

What was NATO?

Answer 15

Defensive alliance consisting of 10 western European countries as a safeguard against Soviet Expansion.

Question 16

Nuclear Power

Answer 16

1. First detonated bomb in 1952
2. Hydogen bomb 1957

Initated programme that would turn it into a Nuclear power.

Question 17

Housing

Answer 17

Initating Housing Programme

Bevan Promised ‘5 million homes’ in White Paper March 1945