attitudes to immigration and racial violence

Question 1

new commonwealth meaning

Answer 1

those countries that had recently gained independence, India, Pakistan , West Indies and so on
old commonwealth counties such as Australia, new Zealand Canada, and south Africa
- good way of differentiating between non-white and white populations

Question 2

At Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation in 1953, there was evident enthusiasm for?

Answer 2

the commonwealth ideal

Question 3

new commonwealth (coloured immigrants)who followed in the wake of west indian migrants who arrived on

Answer 3

Empire Windrush in 1948= cause of both social change and social tensions

Question 4

the empire windrush in 1948

Answer 4

sailed from Kingston Jamacia to London carrying 492 migrant workers seeking a new life in Britain

Question 5

about how many immigrants arrived in Britain from the West indices and other parts of the new commonwealth?

Answer 5

about 250,000

Question 6

by 1958 how many commonwealth immigrants had settled in Britain? how many males?

Answer 6

about 210,000
75% male working to support family back home

Question 7

there was rapid development in Britain as

Answer 7

a multiracial society

Question 8

what act meant that the newcomers had full rights of British citizenship?

Answer 8

British Nationality Act of 1948
-this encouraged further emigration from the West Indies

Question 9

post-war labour shortages in Britain principally in transport services and NHS meant that UK government promoted?

Answer 9

emigration with organised appeals for Caribbean workers to fill vacancies

Question 10

textiles firms in London and north England eagerly took on workers from?

Answer 10

India and Pakistan

Question 11

in 1950s Britain

Answer 11

received a total of 676,000 immigrants seeking permanent residence while 1.32 million Britons left for a new life abroad

Question 12

total inward migration in the 1960s

Answer 12

1.25 million

Question 13

total outward migration in the 1960s

Answer 13

1.92 million

Question 14

august 1958 nottingham gangs of white youths

Answer 14

went out on hunts after pub crawls targeting black people

Question 15

The Notting Hill Riots, 1958

Answer 15

at the end of August 1958 there were outbreaks of serious violence in Notting Hill, area had a large concentration of Caribbean people
- violence mostly white youths attacking west indians later there was more violence

Question 16

by late 1950s disturbing reactions amongst some of the white host population such as

Answer 16

‘no coloured’ notices appeared in boarding house windows and on factory gates

Question 17

individuals exploited the housing shortage, how?

Answer 17

suggested it was the fault of the immigrants

Question 18

the proportion of people of non-European origin never been more than

Answer 18

6% of the overall population of Britain

Question 19

main difficulties for newcomers to Britain arose over

Answer 19

accomodation

Question 20

immigrants tended to live in

Answer 20

the poorer urban areas, cheaper property
-competition between residents on low incomes and newcomers, when work was scarce blame was put on immigrants for squeezing them out of employment by taking work at lower pay

Question 21

1962 what act was passed?

Answer 21

The Commonwealth Immigrants Act was passed, labour party strongly opposed the act, gov and local government muddled along to a multicultural society with no direction

Question 22

race riots 1958-9, what areas was this common?

Answer 22

Nottingham, Bristol- gangs of white youths harassed black residents who frequently retaliated

Question 23

august 1958 in london notting hill gate what happened?

Answer 23

600 white males tried to batter their way into black-owned properties