Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders

Question 1

What are the symptoms of ADHD?

Answer 1

Inattention
- Short attention span
- Easily distracted
- Difficulty organising

Hyperactive + impulsive
- Can’t sit still
- Act w/o thinking
- Excessive talking

Question 2

What is the treatment for ADHD?

Answer 2

First line: Methylphenidate OR lisdexamfetamine (if after 6 weeks no effect)
- Dexamfetamine - tolerates lisdexamteamine but intolerant of long effect profile

ALT: atomoxetine (non-stimulant) or guanfacine

Question 3

What are the side effects of methylphenidate?

Answer 3

Insomnia

Tics + tourettes syndrome

DEC appetite = weight loss

Growth restriction
- Monitor: height + weight

Psychiatric disorders

CVS
- Monitor: pulse, BP
- CI: CVD, severe HT, hyperthyroidism

Question 4

What are the interactions of methylphenidate?

Answer 4

INC risk of serotonin syndrome (amfetamines) w/ seratonergic drugs (INC 5HT or act on serotonin 5HT receptors)
- Antidepressants
- MAOB inhibitor (segiline)
- Methadone
- Tramadol