attention

Question 1

what is attention?

Answer 1

taking possession of the mind in a clear form of one out of several simultaneous objects or trains of thought

Question 2

three features of attention

Answer 2

selectivity - lets us process specific info while ignoring the rest
limited capacity - sm info at once
sustainability - hard to attend to same thing over extended periods of time

Question 3

bottom up attention

Answer 3

attention directed based on sensory inputs e.g. shiny objects

Question 4

top down attention

Answer 4

attention directed based on internal states e.g. habits, knowledge etc

Question 5

voluntary attention

Answer 5

related to current goals, manipulated with instructions

Question 6

involuntary attention

Answer 6

unrelated to current goals, a distraction, manipulated by stimuli
only distraction when contrary to current goals

Question 7

endogenous attention

Answer 7

controlled by internal states
slower acting but longlasting

Question 8

exogenous attention

Answer 8

external events
rapidly gains attention for brief time

Question 9

cocktail party effect CHERRY 1953

Answer 9

how do you follow a convo in noisy envi?
select one message and inhibit the rest
do not hear the inhibited messages

Question 10

early selection theory BROADBENT 1958

Answer 10

filtered out before accessing them
accounts for cocktail party theory
unaware as does not undergo semantic processing

Question 11

attenuation theory

Answer 11

unattended info does not reach semantic processing but sometimes theres occasional breakthroughs

Question 12

overt attention

Answer 12

shift in gaze = shift in attention

Question 13

covert attention

Answer 13

attentional shifts occur in absence of eye movement