Attachment part 2 Flashcards
Aim of Ainsworth’s Strange Situation
To investigate differences in types of attachment by putting babies under conditions of mild stress in an unfamiliar environment
Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Procedure
- 100x middle class American mothers
- Controlled observation
- Specifically arranged room
What were the infants responding to that the researchers were observing
- Stranger entering the room
- Mother leaving child alone with stranger
- Mother returning to the room
Percentage of Securely attached children
66%
Percentage of insecure avoidant children
22%
percentage of insecure resistant children
12%
percentage of insecure resistant children
12%
Secure reactions to strange situation
- Wary of stranger
- Distress when separated from mother
- Easily comforted when mother returns
Insecure avoidant reactions to strange situation
- Unresponsive to stranger
- little distress when mother leaves
- little pleasure when mother returns
2 advantages of strange situation
- High inter observer reliability
- Has led to further research into attachment
2 disadvantages of strange situation
- main and weston (overlooked attachment type(
- Overt observation
Aim of van Ijzendoorn
-To investigate whether there are differences in attachment between different countries/ cultures
Van Ijzendoorn procedure
- meta analysis
- 32x studies using strange situation
- 8 different countries
what did van Ijzendoorn find
- small differences between countries
- secure attachment most common type in all countries
- more variations within countries than between them
1 advantage of research into cultural variation
- Large sample size
2 limitations of research into cultural variations
- controlled observation
- Only 8 countries included
Bowlbys theory of maternal deprivation CIMIC
Continuity
Irreversibility
Monotropy
Internal working model
Consequences for later development
44 Thieves procedure
- 88 children between 5 and 16
- 44 x thieves
- 14 x ‘affectionless psychopaths’
- 44 x no antisocial acts
- Interviews about early childhood
2 strengths maternal deprivation theory
- supporting evidence (44 thieves)
- practical applications (parents were encouraged to visit children in hospital)
2 limitations bowlby theory of maternal deprivation
- failed to distinguish between deprivation and privation (rutter)
- Alternative explanation, depends on the reason for being parted from the caregiver
Orphan study procedure
- 165 romanian children
- adopted by british families
- development was assessed at ages 4, 6, 11, 15
- Compared to a control group of adopted British children
