Attachment part 2

Question 1

Aim of Ainsworth’s Strange Situation

Answer 1

To investigate differences in types of attachment by putting babies under conditions of mild stress in an unfamiliar environment

Question 2

Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Procedure

Answer 2

• 100x middle class American mothers
• Controlled observation
• Specifically arranged room

Question 3

What were the infants responding to that the researchers were observing

Answer 3

• Stranger entering the room
• Mother leaving child alone with stranger
• Mother returning to the room

Question 4

Percentage of Securely attached children

Answer 4

66%

Question 5

Percentage of insecure avoidant children

Answer 5

22%

Question 6

percentage of insecure resistant children

Answer 6

12%

Question 7

percentage of insecure resistant children

Answer 7

12%

Question 8

Secure reactions to strange situation

Answer 8

• Wary of stranger
• Distress when separated from mother
• Easily comforted when mother returns

Question 9

Insecure avoidant reactions to strange situation

Answer 9

• Unresponsive to stranger
• little distress when mother leaves
• little pleasure when mother returns

Question 10

2 advantages of strange situation

Answer 10

• High inter observer reliability
• Has led to further research into attachment

Question 11

2 disadvantages of strange situation

Answer 11

• main and weston (overlooked attachment type(
• Overt observation

Question 12

Aim of van Ijzendoorn

Answer 12

-To investigate whether there are differences in attachment between different countries/ cultures

Question 13

Van Ijzendoorn procedure

Answer 13

• meta analysis
• 32x studies using strange situation
• 8 different countries

Question 14

what did van Ijzendoorn find

Answer 14

• small differences between countries
• secure attachment most common type in all countries
• more variations within countries than between them

Question 15

1 advantage of research into cultural variation

Answer 15

• Large sample size

Question 16

2 limitations of research into cultural variations

Answer 16

• controlled observation
• Only 8 countries included

Question 17

Bowlbys theory of maternal deprivation CIMIC

Answer 17

Continuity
Irreversibility
Monotropy
Internal working model
Consequences for later development

Question 18

44 Thieves procedure

Answer 18

• 88 children between 5 and 16
• 44 x thieves
• 14 x ‘affectionless psychopaths’
• 44 x no antisocial acts
• Interviews about early childhood

Question 19

2 strengths maternal deprivation theory

Answer 19

• supporting evidence (44 thieves)
• practical applications (parents were encouraged to visit children in hospital)

Question 20

2 limitations bowlby theory of maternal deprivation

Answer 20

• failed to distinguish between deprivation and privation (rutter)
• Alternative explanation, depends on the reason for being parted from the caregiver

Question 21

Orphan study procedure

Answer 21

• 165 romanian children
• adopted by british families
• development was assessed at ages 4, 6, 11, 15
• Compared to a control group of adopted British children