Attachment: Early attachment + later relationships Flashcards

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1
Q

what is Bowlby’s internal working model (IWM)

A
  • How childhood attachments influence adult relationships.
    -> E.g. secure attachment to sensitive caregiver, likely to see selves as worthy of love -> likely to form future secure relationships.
    -> if insecure attachment -> likely to see selves as unworthy of love -> future insecure relationships.

caregiver’s interaction with child
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Child’s IWM
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childhood attach: Adult relationships:
- secure attachment - secure relationship
- insecure-avoidant attachment - avoidant
- insecure-resistant attachment. - resistant

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2
Q

Explain Hazan and Shaver’s Love Quiz -> support for IWM

A
  • results: found a correlation between the type of childhood attachment and people’s later views on romantic love.
    -> secure children more likely to have a happy and trustworthy relationships.
    -> insecure-avoidant fear intimacy.
    -> insecure-resistant worried they weren’t in love in their relationships.
  • conclusion: support for Bowlby’ Internal Working Model -> early attachments do influence adult relationships.
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3
Q

Evaluate Hazan and Shaver’s love quiz (IWM)

A

(-) people look back on childhood -> not always accurate.
(-) volunteer sampling -> a certain type of person may be more likely to respond.
(-) may have answered untruthfully to show selves in better light.
-> social desirability.
(+) the study was repeated in 2003 -> SIMILAR RESULTS.

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4
Q

What is the adult attachment interview (Main et al)

A
  • doesn’t matter what the childhood attachment was -> its how its remembered -> supports IWM.
  • Semi-structured interview asks Qs about childhood relationships -> and how these influence later relationships.
  • interviewee gives 5 adjectives explaining relationships with each parent.
    -> explained why they chose each adjective.
  • results were then classified by trained coders into a category -> secure, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved/disorganised/
  • Main showed categories of adult relationships could be predicted from people’s recall of their childhood attachments.
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5
Q

What is the cycle of privation (Quinton)

A
  • compared 50 women who experienced institutional care with 50 who did not.
  • found women who were raised in institutions were more likely to have parenting difficulties.
  • suggests a cycle of privation -> children who experience privation later go on to be less caring parents.

-> less caring parents
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privation in children <-

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6
Q

What is reactive attachment disorder (Parker and Forrest)

A
  • a rare but serious condition -> children were permanently damaged by early experiences such as privation -> symptoms:
  • Inability to give/receive affection
  • dishonesty
  • poor social relationships
  • Involvement in Crime
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7
Q

(-) explain how Freud and Dann’s research challenges the theory of privation

A
  • showed privation may not necessarily lead to detrimental outcomes.
  • studied 6 children rescued after WWII.
  • Looked after by Jewish people ‘passing through’ concentration camps -> but had no time to form adult attachments.
  • children were adopted by British families -> grew up to have normal level of intelligence and maintained normal relationships.
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