Attachment Flashcards
What is Attachment?
- A strong lasting bond formed by baby and their caregiver in early childhood.
- Feel safe in their presence and depend on them and want to be close to them
What are the features of attachment ?
- Safe base
- Separation anxiety
- Stranger anxiety
What are the qualities of a caregiver?
- Looks after the baby for long periods of time
- Responds when they are hungry or need comforting
- Makes child feel safe
What does it mean by safe base ?
When children have an attachment to their caregiver, they treat their caregiver as a safe base, someone they can quickly return to whenever they’re scared or anxious.
What does it mean by separation anxiety ?
When children become distressed when they are separated from their attachment figure.
What does it mean by stranger anxiety ?
- When children display distress in the presence of unfamiliar people, and instead prefer the company of their attachment figure.
What technique can you not use for babies?
- Self-report technique
What technique do they use to study babies ?
- Observational techniques
What is frame-by-frame video analysis?
Record observation on video and make detailed observations on behaviour displayed on each frame
What is a strength of frame by frame analysis ?
leads to more reliable observations
What are longitudinal studies ?
- When a researcher investigates the same participants at multiple time points to see how they change over time.
What are the strengths of a longitudinal study ?
- It allows researchers to gain deeper insights into behavior and how it changes over time.
- It gives researchers insights into how early experiences shape behaviour.
- Can see if their results are reliable over time
What are the weaknesses of longitudinal study ?
Attrition: When, across the study, the researcher loses some of their participants from the sample.
What are the advantages of animal studies ?
- No need to rely on natural and quasi experiments
- Can still directly test cause and effect
What are the limitations of animal studies ?
The results of animal studies may not generalize to humans.
- Might not be ethical as it may cause distress to the animal.
- And if we argue that the studies don’t cause distress to the animals, then we’re implying that animals are very different to humans, which limits the generalisability of the findings.
- But on the other hand, many researchers argue that The benefits of the research outweigh the negative impacts of the research.
What are the stages of Attachment ?
1) Pre-attachment stage
2)Indiscriminate attachment
3) Discriminate attachment
4) Multiple attachment
Explain Pre-attachment stage
In this stage, babies show no preference for any adult.
- The Pre-attachment stage is the first 3 months of a baby’s life.
Explain indiscriminate stage
The indiscriminate attachment stage is around 3-7 months
- In the indiscriminate attachment stage, babies begin to prefer familiar people.
- In the indiscriminate attachment stage, babies don’t yet form a strong attachment to one particular person.
Explain discriminate attachment stage
