Attachment Flashcards
Who did the strange situation:
Ainsworth
All 5 behaviours:
- Proximity Seeking
- Exploration and secure-base behaviour
- Stranger Anxiety
- Separation Anxiety
- Response to Union
How many episodes:
7
How long was each episode:
3 minutes
How long was the whole observation:
21 minutes but could have been cut short if the mother requested.
Types of Attachments:
Type B (secure attachment), Type A (insecure - avoidant), Type C (insecure - resistant)
Type B:
Secure Attachment
Go back to caregivers
Moderate separation distress
Moderate Stranger Anxiety
Require and accept comfort in the reunion stage
Type A:
Insecure Avoidant
Explore Freely Don't seek proximity Don't show secure base behaviour No reaction when caregiver leaves Little stranger anxiety Little effort for contact during reunion and sometimes refuse it
Type C:
Insecure Resistant
Seek a lot of proximity, so explore less
High levels of stranger anxiety
High levels of separation anxiety
Resist comfort during reunion
Bowlby's Monotropic Theory: 1 2 3 3 5 6
1 Monotropy 2 Critical period 3 Primary Attachment Figure 3 Internal Working Model 5 Social Releasers 6 Law of continuity Law of Accumulated Separation
Montropic:
One main attachment
Critical Period:
Time in which babies can form attachments, 2 years
Internal Working Model:
Mental representation of what attachments are like, based on attachment with primary attachment figure.
Social Releasers:
Cute innate responses babies do to start social interactions with adults.
Who came up with Learning Theory:
Dollard and Miller
Learning Theory:
Based on classical and operant conditioning and the attachment figure giving food to their child.
Secondary Drive:
Hunger is a primary drive, attachment is a secondary drive.
Role of the Father Researchers:
Grossman, Field
Grossman Study:
Studies babies up to their teens. Found that the attachment to the father is less important than the attachment to the mother.
But, found that the quality of the play with the father was related to the babies’ attachments.
Field Study:
Primary caregiver fathers spent more time smiling and holding the baby than secondary caregiver fathers. Fathers have the potential to be primary attachment figures.
Stages of Attachment:
AIMS
A - asocial stage
I - indiscriminate stage
S - specific attachment stage
M - multiple attachment stage
Reciprocity:
Where a baby and adult are interacting with each other and take turns reacting to each other, like a dance.
Interactional Synchrony
Baby and caregiver do the same actions as each other.
