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10th bio > ATP / Photosynthesis > Flashcards

ATP / Photosynthesis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The bond that contains the most potential chemical energy in an ATP molecule is between the

A

2nd and 3rd phosphate

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2
Q

when ADP and an independent phosphate join together…

A

ATP is formed
Energy is stored

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3
Q

what are things cells might use energy (ATP) for?

A
  1. respond to signals
  2. creat proteins
  3. transport across cell membrane
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4
Q

plants get there nutrition/mass from

A

Air

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5
Q

Autotroph example

A

any plant

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6
Q

Heterotroph example

A

any animal or human

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7
Q

which are inputs for photosynthesis (left side of equation)

A

Water
Sunlight
Carbon Dioxide

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8
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place

A

chloroplast

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9
Q

which leaf pigments are responsible for yellow and orange colors of leaves in autumm

A

Carotenoids

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10
Q

what occurs during the light-dependent reactions

A

water is converted into oxygen
chlorophyll absorbs sunlight

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11
Q

Three parts of ATP

A

.. adenine
Triphosphate
Ribose

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12
Q

When energy is released from ATP it becomes

A

ADP

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13
Q

When energy is stored it becomes

A

ATP

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14
Q

organisms that make their own food

A

Autotrophs (plants)

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15
Q

this progress occurs in the mitochondrion

A

Cellular Respiration

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16
Q

C6 H12 O6

A

Glucose

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17
Q

Process that does not require oxygen

A

anarobic respiration

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18
Q

The anaerobic process of splitting glucose

A

Glycolysis

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19
Q

where does glycolysis occur

A

In Both Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration

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20
Q

What molecule is created at the end of glycosis

A

Pyruvic Acid

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21
Q

Fermentation occurs when there is

A

not enough oxygen

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22
Q

lactic acid is used in

A

yogurts and Sauerkraut

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23
Q

Which proses in respiration perduces the greatest amount of ATP

A

Electron trasport chain

24
Q

Where do the electrons and hydrogen ions end up after te ETC

A

Combining with oxygen to produce water

25
Q

This part of repiration produces CO2

A

Kreds Cycle

26
Q

What function in repiration does NADH and FADH carry out

A

Carry electrons and hydrogen ions the the ETC

27
Q

Inputs and out puts of Alcholic Fermentation

A

Pyruvic acid
carbon dioxide and ethyl alchol

28
Q

inputs and outouts of latic acid fermentation

A

Pyruvic acid
lactic acid

29
Q

2 simularitys of phosynthisis and cellular respiration

A

involves energy
occurs in organells (plants and animals)
same 4 componets

30
Q

2 diffrences bettween photosynthisis and cecllular respiration

A

Photosynthesis
INputs CO2 & H2O
Two-step light-dependent and light-independent
LOCATION chloroplast
Cellular
outputs CO2 & H2O
Occurs in autotrophs and Heterotroophes
LOCATION Mitrochondria

31
Q

when a phostpate group is removed from ATP what is released

A

Phosphate

32
Q

DIsk shapped organels with photosynthis pigments are called

A

thylakoid

33
Q

why do plants appear green

A

the green reflects while the other colors are absorbed

34
Q

the most comon photosythesis pigment is

A

chlorophyll

35
Q

What are three things photosynthesis needs to occur?

A

Light, water, CO2

36
Q

Photosythesis two types of reactions

A

light-dependent
light independent

37
Q

What gas do plants give off in light-dependent

A

oxygen

38
Q

another name for calvin cycle

A

dark cycle

39
Q

where does the calvin cycle occur

A

stroma

40
Q

three things that can effect the rate of photosynthis

A

1 CO2 – increase and plateau
2 temperature – increase and drop
3 light increase – then plateau

41
Q

compare photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

A

P- needs sunlight and water to happen
C doesn’t need sunlight and instead uses chemical energy starting with the minerals methane and sulfides

42
Q

___ is the process by which food molecules are broken down to release energy

A

cellular respiration

43
Q

what organic compound does cellular r need to begin

A

glucose

44
Q

what is the first step to both anaerobic and aerobic respiration

A

glucolysis

45
Q

What organisms do glycolysis

A

animals

46
Q

How many ATP molecules does glycolysis produce

A

2

47
Q

how many ATP molocules are obtained from cellular respiration

A

38

48
Q

where does glycolysis take place in the cell

A

cytoplasm

49
Q

what are the reactants of cellular respiration

A

oxygen and water

50
Q

3 stages of cellular respiration in order

A

glycolysis
krebs cycle
ETC

51
Q

Where does krebs cycle take place

A

Mitrochondria

52
Q

whaat is the anaerobic breakdown of glucose

A

glycolysis

53
Q

what are 2 main types of fermintation

A

lactic acid and alcohol fermentation

54
Q

what gas is giving off during alcoholic fermentation

A

co2

55
Q

what kind of organism performs alcholic fermentation

A

yeast

56
Q

what type of fermination occurs in bread dough

A

alcohol

57
Q

what kind of fermentation do animals cells do if oxygen is not available

A

anaerobic

10th bio (6 decks)

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