ATP and ADP Flashcards
What does ATP do
It supplies free energy that can do useful work in the body
What are examples of ATP
- transport of ions
- contraction of muscles
- moving chromosomes in cell division
- driving endergonic reactions
- beating of cilia
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
Hydrolysis of ATP into ADP
This process is exergonic and releases free energy which can perform useful work in the body
- spontaneous
- negative change in free energy
What happens to the three phosphates in ATP hydrolysis?
One is removed and is inorganic
Is ATP —-> ADP endergonic or exergonic?
Exergonic
Is ADP ——> ATP exergonic or endergonic?
Endergonic
Do exergonic reactions donate or receive a phosphate?
Donate
Do endergonic reactions receive or donate a phosphate?
Recieve
Define phosporylation
The process of attaching a phosphate group to an organic molecule resulting in a gain of free energy in the molecule which reduces its stability and makes it more reactive
Does the molecule receiving phosphate become more stable or unstable?
Unstable
Describe the process of ATP to ADP
- hydrolysis
- exergonic
- releases USABLE free energy
- water added
- catabolic
- organic phosphate group removed
Describe process of ADP to ATP
- organic phosphate group added
- dehydration synthesis
- water removed
- anabolic
- free energy (NON USABLE) used to drive reaction
- free energy comes from the breakdown of food (anabolic)
What happens to the phosphate removed?
Goes back to make ATP
What does an ATP nucleotide molecule consist of?
Five-carbon sugar, the nitrogenous base adenine, and three phosphate groups.
