ATP Flashcards
what is ATP (1 mark)
adenosine triphosphate
structure of ATP
-Ribose sugar
-bound a molecule of adenine
-3 phosphate groups
-Nucleotide derivative (modified form of nucleotide).
Draw and label the structure of ATP (2 marks)
check google
what is adenosine called with 2 or 1 phosphate group (2 marks)
adenosine monophosphate
adenosine diphosphate
Give the basic equation for ATP hydrolysis (1 mark)
ATP + water→ ADP + Pi
what reaction breaks down ATP (2 marks)
-hydrolysis reaction
-using water molecule
which enzyme involved in process of breaking down ATP (1 marks)
ATP hydrolase.
What occurs during ATP hydrolysis and what does this result in (6 mark)
-Bonds between inorganic phosphate groups are high energy bonds
-by breaking one of these bonds a small amount of energy is released.
-Can be coupled to energy requiring reactions within cells
-to provide energy for e.g. active transport, protein synthesis.
-The inorganic phosphate released can be used to phosphorylate other compounds
-e.g. glucose, often making them more reactive (i.e. lowers activation energy).
give 2 ways with examples how hydrolysis of ATP is used in cells (4 marks)
-Can be coupled to energy requiring reactions within cells, to provide energy
-e.g. active transport, protein synthesis.
-inorganic phosphate released can be used to phosphorylate other compounds
-e.g. glucose, often making them more reactive (i.e. lowers activation energy).
Give the basic equation for ATP condensation (1 mark)
ADP + Pi 🡪ATP
When does ATP condensation occur (2 mark)
during respiration or photosynthesis
name the enzyme involved in ATP regeneration (1 mark)
ATP synthase
what happens in condensation reaction (1 marks)
removes water molecule
Describe the properties of ATP that make it a suitable immediate energy source (4 marks)
-releases energy in small amounts so no energy wasted
-Only one bond is hydrolysed (single reaction) to release energy (which is why energy release is immediate)
-quick
-can’t pass out of cell
can ATP be stored (1 mark)
no
