ATP

Question 1

What’s the term used for when a nucleotide gets a phosphate group added to it?

Answer 1

It becomes phosphorylated

Question 2

How is ADP structured?

Answer 2

(Adenosine diphosphate)
- Ribose sugar
- Adenine
- 2 phosphates groups

Question 3

How is ATP structured?

Answer 3

(Adenosine triphosphate)
- Ribose sugar
- Adenine
- 3 phosphate groups

Question 4

Describe and explain the properties of ATP?

Answer 4

Small: Easy to move in and out of cells
Water soluble: Able to be used for transport in aqueous environments
Contains bond between phosphates with intermediate energy: Large enough to be useful in cellular reactions, not enough to be wasted as thermal energy
Releases energy in small quantities: Large enough to be useful in cellular reactions, not enough to be wasted as thermal energy
Easily regenerated: Molecule can be reused, only need small quantities

Question 5

What is the equation from ATP to ADP?

Answer 5

ATP + H2O —> ADP + Pi + energy

Question 6

Why is ATP not a good store of energy?

Answer 6

• Relatively unstable molecule, so cannot easily be stored long term
• Energy is stored as fats and carbohydrates
• ATP is a product of cellular respiration, which takes place all the time

Question 7

What is ATP catalysed by?

Answer 7

ATP synthase