ATP Flashcards
How do cells get energy from glucose?
A cell can’t get energy directly from glucose. So, in respiration, the energy released from glucose is used to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Once made the ATP diffuses to the part of the cell that needs energy
What is the structure of ATP?
The nucleotide base adenine, a ribose sugar and three phosphate groups. It’s known as a nucleotide derivative because it’s a modified from of a nucleotide
Where is the energy in ATP stored?
In high energy bonds between the phosphate groups, it’s released via hydrolysis reactions
ATP is quickly made and used, explain
When energy is needed in a cell, ATP is broken down into ADP and Pi in a hydrolysis reaction, catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase. A phosphate bond is broken and energy is released. ATP can be re-synthesised in a condensation reaction between ADP and Pi. This happens during both respiration and photosynthesis, catalysed by the enzyme ATP synthase
How can the hydrolysis of ATP be coupled to other energy-requiring reactions in the cell?
The energy released can be used directly to make a coupled energy requiring reaction happen, rather than being lost as heat. The Pi can be added to another compound (phosphorylation), making the compound more reactive
