ATP

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

adenosine trisphosphate

Question 2

ATP made up of:

Answer 2

1. ribose
2. a molecule of adenine
3. 3 phosphate groups

Question 3

ATP - structure

Answer 3

• nucleotide derivative (modified form)
• structure of ADP (adenosine diphosphate) is the same as ATP, minus a phosphate

Question 4

Pi

Answer 4

inorganic phosphate group

Question 5

ATP hydrolysis (ATP -> ADP + Pi)

Answer 5

• catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase
• can be coupled to energy requiring reactions within cells, to provide energy for active transport, protein synthesis (energy released when bonds between inorganic phosphate groups are broken)
• the inorganic phosphate released can be used to phosphorylate other compounds (eg. glucose), often making them more reactive (eg. lowers activation energy)

Question 6

ATP condensation (ADP + Pi -> ATP)

Answer 6

• catalysed by the enzyme ATP synthase
• happens during respiration or photosynthesis
• also called phosphorylation of ADP