Atopic Eczema Flashcards
Define Atopic Eczema?
A chronic inflammatory T-Cell mediated condition of the skin in response to environmental allergens
Its very common
What are the parts of eczema pathology?
Spongiosis - Intercellular Oedema
Acanthosis - Thicking of Epidermis
Inflammation
What are the common places to find atopic eczema?
Flexures Neck Face Eyelids Hands & Feet
What can trigger/worsen atopic eczema?
Stress
Cold or Heat
Allergens e.g. pollen
How does Eczema present?
Red, scaly patches
Sometimes with papules, vesicles, exudate and crusting/
It itches
what does chronic eczema lead to?
Lichenification - Leathering
Fissures
Large plaque lesions
Quick overview of the main eczema treatments:
- Topical Steroids
- Systemic Immunosuppression
- Education (Causative/exacerbating factors)
- Emollients/Soap susbstitutes
- Anti-histamines
- Anti-microbials
- UV light
When are anti-microbials necessary for eczema?
Some patients with eczema can contract infections through the damaged skin
How do anti-histamines help eczema?
They serve to diminish the inflammation & Itching
What topical steroids could be used for Eczema?
Hydrocortisone - low potency
Betamethasone - High potency
What re the types of systemic immunosuppression for Eczema
Azithioprine
Ciclosporin
Methotrexate
Calcineurin inhibitors e.g. Tacrolimus
How do calcineurin inhibitors work?
They inhibit calcineurin
a protein involved in T cell activation.
Since T cells mediate Atopic eczema they serve to inhibit the whole disease
Main gene involved in atopic eczema?
Many are involved but the Filaggrin gene is the primary one
