Atopic Eczema Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Atopic Eczema?

A

A chronic inflammatory T-Cell mediated condition of the skin in response to environmental allergens
Its very common

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2
Q

What are the parts of eczema pathology?

A

Spongiosis - Intercellular Oedema
Acanthosis - Thicking of Epidermis
Inflammation

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3
Q

What are the common places to find atopic eczema?

A
Flexures
Neck
Face
Eyelids
Hands & Feet
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4
Q

What can trigger/worsen atopic eczema?

A

Stress
Cold or Heat
Allergens e.g. pollen

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5
Q

How does Eczema present?

A

Red, scaly patches
Sometimes with papules, vesicles, exudate and crusting/

It itches

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6
Q

what does chronic eczema lead to?

A

Lichenification - Leathering
Fissures
Large plaque lesions

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7
Q

Quick overview of the main eczema treatments:

A
  • Topical Steroids
  • Systemic Immunosuppression
  • Education (Causative/exacerbating factors)
  • Emollients/Soap susbstitutes
  • Anti-histamines
  • Anti-microbials
  • UV light
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8
Q

When are anti-microbials necessary for eczema?

A

Some patients with eczema can contract infections through the damaged skin

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9
Q

How do anti-histamines help eczema?

A

They serve to diminish the inflammation & Itching

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10
Q

What topical steroids could be used for Eczema?

A

Hydrocortisone - low potency

Betamethasone - High potency

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11
Q

What re the types of systemic immunosuppression for Eczema

A

Azithioprine
Ciclosporin
Methotrexate

Calcineurin inhibitors e.g. Tacrolimus

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12
Q

How do calcineurin inhibitors work?

A

They inhibit calcineurin
a protein involved in T cell activation.

Since T cells mediate Atopic eczema they serve to inhibit the whole disease

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13
Q

Main gene involved in atopic eczema?

A

Many are involved but the Filaggrin gene is the primary one

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