Atonement

Question 1

Introduction

Answer 1

-Introduced for reconciliation with God through Jesus’ death
-Original sin is what separates humans with God
-Therefore we need to reconcile with God
-WIlliam coined atonement
-Used the words ‘at’ and ‘one’ to make term as the theory let us be at one with God

Question 2

Sacrificial

Answer 2

-Humans have control and power as Jesus sacrificed himself to save humans
-Derived from OT practice that wanted reunite humans with God
-Levitcus = A goat was used as a sacrifice
-John Baptist= Jesus was the sacrifice that allowed humans sins to be taken away
-Jesus’ death acts as an atonement for our sin

Question 3

Ransom model

Answer 3

-Gospels= By dying Jesus paid a ransom for mankind to God
-Matthew= son of God offered his life
-However Origin believers believe that was paid to Satan to free humans from original sin

Question 4

Modern Ransom model (Christus Victor)

Answer 4

-Looks at how God overcame original sin
-Coined by Aulen
-‘human beings are bound by the powers of death and devil’ Aulen- (Christus victor book)
-‘The work of Christ is a victory over the powers of the devil’ (Aulen)
-Believed humans were being liberated from the slavery of sin through Incarnation
-Looks at how God overcame sin through jesus rather than old ransom model which made God seem cruel for sacrificing his son
-This model shows God positively

Question 5

Satisfaction

Answer 5

-Looks at God’s honour
-mean ‘reparation’
-Anselm = Human sin took away God’s honour only a death of a man can satisfy it
-Debt was too much for humans to pay so God had to pay it himself
-Jesus’ death redeemed the payment and bought honour to God

Question 6

Penal Substitution model

Answer 6

-Looks at how Jesus took the punishment upon himself
- Protestants didnt like Anselm’s model on God’s honour rather than justice
-Jesus set humans free of their sins by taking punishment upon himself
-‘Christ redeemed us from the curse of sin by becoming curse for us’ (Paul)

Question 7

Moral example

Answer 7

-Enlightenment thinks = rejected the idea that the devil and a savage God required the death of his son
-Jesus died on cross
-Jesus died to not please God but to show humans how much God loves them
-purpose to lead people to repentance
-Jesus was not so much of a saviour but a martyr, stood to his ideals and commitment even in the face of persecution