Atoms; notes and revision Flashcards
What are the 3 subatomic particles?
Proton, Neutrons, Electrons
What is the charge for Protons?
Positive
What is the charge for Neutrons?
Neutral
What is the charge for Electrons?
Negative
How many electrons can the first shell contain?
8
How many electrons can the second shell contain?
8
How many electrons can the third shell contain?
32
What makes each atom different?
They have different amounts of protons
Who were the scientists involved in creating the structure of an atom?
Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr and Chadwick
What did Democritus discover?
All matter are made up of small individual matters called atoms
What did Dalton discover?
The chemical elements are made of atoms.
What did Thomson discover?
The electron and the Plum pudding model
What did Rutherford discover?
Alpha and beta rays
What did Bohr discover?
Model of the the atom (The Bohr model)
What did Chadwick discover?
Neutrons
What is an atom?
A particle of matter that defines an element.
What is a molecule?
A group of two or more atoms combines
What is a compound?
Substance made of two or more chemical elements combined
What is a mixture?
A mixture is when two types of pure substances are mixed together
How do you work out the atomic mass?
Protons + Neutrons
Name 3 types of radiation
Alpha, Beta, Gamma
What is Alpha radiation
Helium nuclei
What is Beta radiation?
High energy electron
What is Gamma radiation?
High energy EM
The distance Alpha radiation travels in
Centimeters
The distance Beta radiation travels in
Meters
The distance Gamma radiation travels in
Kilometers
