Atoms, Molecules and Ions. Flashcards
What is a molecule?
A small group of atoms joined together.
What is an ion?
An atom with an electrical charge.
What charge do metals form?
Positive
What charge do non-metals form?
Negative.
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is the mass and charge of a neutron?
Mass: 1
Charge: 0
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What do we call the number of protons in the nucleus?
The atomic number.
Electron number is the same as the ____ number.
Proton
What is the mass of an atom made up of?
Protons and neutrons.
Protons and ____ have the same mass.
Neutrons.
If Na has a mass number of 23, what are the amounts of protons and neutrons?
E: 11
N: 12
What orbits the nucleus?
Electrons.
Max number of electrons in the first shell:
2
Max number of electrons in the second shell:
8
Max number of electrons in the third shell:
8
What is the electron structure of Calcium? Atomic number: 20
2.8.8.2
What is the electron structure of Sodium? Atomic number: 11
2.8.1
What gasses have a full outer shell of electrons?
Noble gasses.
Are noble gasses reactive?
No. They are stable.
What can other elements do to be more like noble gasses (stable)?
Sober up. No. They can lose, gain or share electrons.
What type of bonding involves metals and non-metals?
Ionic bonding.
____ atoms lose their outer shell electrons to form positive ions.
Metal. \m/
_____ atoms gain electrons to fill the outer shell and form negative ions.
Non-metal.
