Atoms & Ions Important Info

Question 1

state the way to remember all the diatomic molecules.

Answer 1

Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer (H2, N2, F2, O2, I2, Cl2, Br2)

Question 2

how do you find the number of neutrons in a nucleus?

Answer 2

mass number - atomic number = number of neutrons

Question 3

what is an atomic number

Answer 3

the number of protons (and electrons) of an element on a periodic table. E.g Hydrogens atomic number is 1.

Question 4

true or false: metals are good conductors of heat and electricity

Answer 4

true

Question 5

true or false: metals are dull

Answer 5

metals are lustrous.

Question 6

true or false: metals are malleable

Answer 6

true

Question 7

true or false: metals are ductile.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

all metals are solid at room temperature, except which element?

Answer 8

mercury

Question 9

true or false: non-metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.

Answer 9

false, non-metals have poor conductivity or don’t conduct at all.

Question 10

true or false: non-metals typically have low melting and boiling points

Answer 10

true

Question 11

true or false: non-metals are brittle

Answer 11

true

Question 12

true or false: non-metals are lustrous

Answer 12

false, non-metals are dull

Question 13

fill in the blanks about metalloids: ____ like metals, but at the same time ______ like non-metals

Answer 13

shiny like metals, but at the same time brittle like non-metals

Question 14

true or false: metalloids share chemical properties of metals and non-metals.

Answer 14

true

Question 15

true or false: francium is the most reactive element on the periodic table.

Answer 15

true

Question 16

define some properties of group 1 - alkali metals

Answer 16

too reactive to be found free in nature, shiny and silver coloured, display extreme behaviours (especially with water), low density

Question 17

define some properties of group 2 - alkali earth metals

Answer 17

metals, silver coloured, slightly less dense than alkali metals, act similar but less reactive than alkali metals

Question 18

define some properties of transition metals

Answer 18

generally shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, relatively hard, higher densities and melting points than groups 1 & 2.

Question 19

define some properties of group 17 (or 7) - the halogens

Answer 19

never found in pure form in nature, poor conductivity, all form diatomic molecules

Question 20

define some properties of group 18 (or 8) - noble gases

Answer 20

colourless, odorless gases that occur naturally in the atmosphere, very stable, only react in rare and extreme circumstances, monatomic

Question 21

whats the max number of electrons possible in the 1st shell?

Answer 21

max 2

Question 22

whats the max number of electrons possible in the 2nd shell?

Answer 22

max 8

Question 23

whats the max number of electrons possible in the 3rd shell?

Answer 23

max 18 (but stable with 8)

Question 24

whats the max number of electrons possible in the 4th shell?

Answer 24

max 32 (but stable with 8)