Atoms & Ions Important Info Flashcards
state the way to remember all the diatomic molecules.
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer (H2, N2, F2, O2, I2, Cl2, Br2)
how do you find the number of neutrons in a nucleus?
mass number - atomic number = number of neutrons
what is an atomic number
the number of protons (and electrons) of an element on a periodic table. E.g Hydrogens atomic number is 1.
true or false: metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
true
true or false: metals are dull
metals are lustrous.
true or false: metals are malleable
true
true or false: metals are ductile.
true
all metals are solid at room temperature, except which element?
mercury
true or false: non-metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
false, non-metals have poor conductivity or don’t conduct at all.
true or false: non-metals typically have low melting and boiling points
true
true or false: non-metals are brittle
true
true or false: non-metals are lustrous
false, non-metals are dull
fill in the blanks about metalloids: ____ like metals, but at the same time ______ like non-metals
shiny like metals, but at the same time brittle like non-metals
true or false: metalloids share chemical properties of metals and non-metals.
true
true or false: francium is the most reactive element on the periodic table.
true
define some properties of group 1 - alkali metals
too reactive to be found free in nature, shiny and silver coloured, display extreme behaviours (especially with water), low density
define some properties of group 2 - alkali earth metals
metals, silver coloured, slightly less dense than alkali metals, act similar but less reactive than alkali metals
define some properties of transition metals
generally shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, relatively hard, higher densities and melting points than groups 1 & 2.
define some properties of group 17 (or 7) - the halogens
never found in pure form in nature, poor conductivity, all form diatomic molecules
define some properties of group 18 (or 8) - noble gases
colourless, odorless gases that occur naturally in the atmosphere, very stable, only react in rare and extreme circumstances, monatomic
whats the max number of electrons possible in the 1st shell?
max 2
whats the max number of electrons possible in the 2nd shell?
max 8
whats the max number of electrons possible in the 3rd shell?
max 18 (but stable with 8)
whats the max number of electrons possible in the 4th shell?
max 32 (but stable with 8)
