Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

An __ is the basic building block of all matter?

A

atom

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2
Q

An atom’s nucleus is made of particles with ___ charges called ___ and particles with neutral or no zero charges called ___

A

1.positive +
2.Protons
3.Neutrons

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3
Q

Quarks are the ___ of matter found in protons and neutrons

A

building blocks

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4
Q

Atoms have particles with ___ charges called ___which are found at ___ or ___ in the ___ that surrounds the nucleus.

A

1.negative -
2.electrons
3.different energy levels
4.orbitals
5. electron bond.

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5
Q

Every atom had a certain arrangement of electrons in energy levels called an ___

A

Electron Configuration

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6
Q

___ electrons are found in the outermost energy level. The number corresponds to the number of the Main Group or Column on the periodic table. Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons. For example, all group 1 elements have 1 valence electron.

A

Valance

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7
Q

The first energy level holds _ electrons

A

1

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8
Q

The second energy level holds __ electrons

A

8

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9
Q

The third energy level holds __ electrons

A

18

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10
Q

A column on the periodic table is called a __. There are ___

A

1.Group
2.18

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11
Q

A row across the period table is called a __. There are __

A

1.Period
2.7

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12
Q

In the modern day periodic table, the ___ are arranged by ___ atomic number — not atomic mass—and by periodic changes in ___ and ___ properties

A

1.Elements
2.Increasing
3.Physical
4.Chemical

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13
Q

___, a Russian Chemist, first presented a way to organize all the known elements

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

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14
Q

Each element is represented by a ___, which is usually the first one or two letters of their name, with the first letter always capitalized.

A

Symbol

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15
Q

The ___ (whole #) = # protons = # electrons

A

Atomic

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16
Q

The ___ (decimal #) = #protons + #neutrons in the nucleus

A

Mass

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17
Q

___ are atoms with the same number of ___ but different number of ___ and therefore, a different ___. This is why the ___ is a decimal number

A

1.Isotopes
2.protons
3.Nuetrons
4.Mass number
5.Mass number

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18
Q

Adding or removing ___ to an element creates isotopes of that element so some elements can have different numbers of neutrons for each isotope

A

neutrons

19
Q

Adding or removing ___ from the nucleus of an atom creates a different element

A

Protons

20
Q

Adding or removing ___ from an atom does not change which element it is. Only the net charge on the atomic atom does.

A

electrons

21
Q

Most of the elements in the periodic table are classified as ___

A

Metals

22
Q

The elements that fall along the staircase are classified as ___

A

metalloids

23
Q

The elements in the far upper right corner are classified as ___

A

non-metals

24
Q

The ___ and ___ are at the bottom of the periodic table and are pulled simply to keep the table from becoming too long

A

1.lanthinides
2.actinides

25
Q

Trends in a periodic table

A

Trends in a periodic table

26
Q

top to bottom

A

top to bottom

27
Q

Atomic Number

A

increases

28
Q

Atomic mass

A

increases

29
Q

Atomic radius

A

increases

30
Q

number of occupied energy levels

A

increases

31
Q

Metallica properties

A

increases

32
Q

Reactivity

A

Increases

33
Q

electronegativity (ability to attract electrons)

A

Decreases

34
Q

Left to right

A

Left to right

35
Q

atomic number

A

increases

36
Q

atomic mass

A

increases

37
Q

atomic radius

A

Increases

38
Q

number of occupied energy levels

A

increases

39
Q

metallic properties

A

decreases

40
Q

reactivity

A

decreases

41
Q

number of valence electrons

A

increases

42
Q

melting point

A

increases

43
Q

boiling points

A

decreases

44
Q

Electronegativity (ability to attract electrons)

A

Increases