Atoms & Elements pt. 2 Flashcards
List and Describe the 3 Main Parts of an Atom.
- Protons: Positive, large mass, found in nucleus
-Electrons: Negative, small mass, orbits around the nucleus
-Neutrons: Neutral, large mass, found in nucleus
What is the Relationship Between Atomic Number and the Amount of Protons in an Atom?
The atomic number is equal to the amount of protons in the atom.
In a Neutral Atom, What Do You Know About the Amount of Electrons?
The amount of electrons is equal to the amount of protons in a neutral atom.
How Do You Calculate the Number of Neutrons? What is the Atomic Mass?
You can find the number of neutrons by subtracting the atomic mass by the amount of protons. The atomic mass is the amount of neutrons and protons added together.
What is an Isotope?
An isotope is an element with a different amount of neutrons than ‘normal’’.
What is an Ion and How Are They Formed?
An ion is an atom with either a positive or negative charge. Positive ions are formed by losing electrons and negative ions are formed by gaining electrons. (This is because electrons are negative.)
Define What Compounds and Molecules Are.
Molecules are 2 or more atoms of any type that are combined. Compounds are pure substances that are made up of 2 or more substances in specific numbers.
What are Ionic Compounds? How Are They Formed?
Ionic compounds are a bond of at least one metal and non-metal that are created by the attraction of a positive and negative ion. This is because non-metals tend to form negative ions while metals tend to form positive ions.
What is a Covalent Compound and How Are They Formed?
A covalent compound is formed by 2 or more non-metals. The bond is formed by them sharing electrons, which is also called a covalent bond.
What Are the Horizontal Rows and Vertical Columns in the Period Table Called?
The horizontal rows are periods and the vertical columns are called groups or families.
What is Generally True About the Elements in a Particular Group?
Elements in a particular group have similar properties and reactions.
What do the Akali Metals React Violently With? Where Are They Located on the Periodic Table?
The akali metals react violently with water and are located on the left side of the periodic table.
What Are 2 Major Characteristics of Noble Gases? Where Are They Located on The Periodic Table?
Noble gases are unreactive, colorless gases but glow if electricity is passed through them. They are located on the far right side.
