Atoms Elements and Compounds - Term 1

Question 1

Relative atomic mass

Answer 1

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 2

Properties of a compound

Answer 2

Difficult to break apart (chemically bonded)
Made of two or more different elements
All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds

Question 3

Number of circles (shells)

Answer 3

Period number

Question 4

Number of electrons on outer shell

Answer 4

Group number

Question 5

Properties of an element

Answer 5

A pure substance made of one type of atom
Cannot be broken down into anything smaller
Elements of same type can go together to make molecules

Question 6

Total number of electrons

Answer 6

Atomic number

Question 7

Mixture

Answer 7

Two or more elements / compounds present but not chemically combined

Question 8

Properties of metal

Answer 8

Shiny ductile (bent into a wire) malleable (hammered into a shape) high melting and boiling points good Electric and thermal conductors

Question 9

Proton neutron and electron relative mass

Answer 9

1,1,1/1840

Question 10

Proton neutron and electron relative charge

Answer 10

1,0,-1

Question 11

Numbers of protons =

Answer 11

Number of electrons / atomic number

Question 12

What determines the type of atom

Answer 12

Number of protons / atomic number

Question 13

Isotopes

Answer 13

Atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons

Question 14

Energy levels also known as

Answer 14

Shells

Question 15

Mass number =

Answer 15

Number of protons + neutrons

Question 16

If an atom loses electrons it becomes _____________ charged . This particle is called a ___________ ______

Answer 16

Positively
Positive ion (cation) (+1)

Question 17

If an atom gains one electron it becomes ___________ charged. This particle is called a ________ _____.

Answer 17

Negatively
Negative ion (-1)

Question 18

Democritus

Answer 18

Imagined a substance that could not be cut into smaller pieces indefinitely, leaving you with an indivisible “atomos”

Question 19

John Dalton

Answer 19

Matter always combined in fixed ratios = Atoms of one element are the same, and compounds are different elements in a fixed ratio

Question 20

JJ Thompson

Answer 20

Discovered electrons, made plum pudding diagram. Did experiments with cathode rays , they were attracted to positive electrodes and repeled by negative.

Question 21

Plum pudding diagram

Answer 21

Atoms were made of positive matter and had negative electrons scattered across , like plums in a plum pudding.

Question 22

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 22

Shot positive particles at a layer of gold, some deflected massively instead of going through. The massive deflection was because the positive charge of the atom was concentrated in a nucleus.

Question 23

Nucleus model

Answer 23

The nucleus model has a tiny positive nucleus (no neutrons)

Question 24

Niels Bohr

Answer 24

Did experiments on light given out by elements. Light emitted from elements was due to electrons changing energy levels, discovery of shells.

Question 25

Order in which atom parts were discovered

Answer 25

electrons, protons, neutrons

Question 26

James chadwick

Answer 26

Experiments similar to Niels Bohr , discovered nucleus contained neutrons.

Question 27

Which group in the periodic table has the most reactive metals and why

Answer 27

Group 1 because it only needs to lose one electron

Question 28

What happens to the reactivity of these metals as you go down the group

Answer 28

It gets higher because there is less attraction making it easier to lose electrons.

Question 29

Which group in the periodic table contains the most reactive non metals and why

Answer 29

Group 7 because they only need to gain one electron

Question 30

Alkali metals react when

Answer 30

in contact with water

Question 31

Equation for reaction of metal and acid

Answer 31

metal + acid –> salt + water

Question 32

Relationship between metals and non metals and reactivity

Answer 32

Metals prefer to lose electrons non metals prefer to attract