atoms, elements and compounds 1 Flashcards
Define element
a substance made of only one type of atom
how many elements are there?
118
define compound
2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio
define mixture
2 or more elements and/or compound not chemically combined
define relative atomic mass
mass of isotopes according to natural abundance
Examples of relative atomic mass
Copper 63.5
example of isotopes
Chlorine 35 and 37
how do you work out relative mass?
(word equation)
(say ‘a’ is atomic mass and ‘n’ is natural abundance)
( a1 × n1)/100 + (a2 × n2)/100
relative mass and charge of electron
1/1837 -> relative mass
-1 -> relative charge
relative mass and charge of neutron
0 -> relative charge
1 -> relative mass
relative mass and charge of proton
1 -> relative mass
+1 -> charge
how many electrons on inner, 2nd and 3rd shell?
1 -> 2 electrons
2 and 3 -> 8 electrons
mass number (what)
nucleus - protons + neutrons
atomic number (what)
protons and electrons
democritus discovery:
atomos (greek indivisible) smallest thing everything is made up from