Atoms + Elements Flashcards
Weight of protons, electrons, neutrons
Protons-1
Neutrons-1
Electrons-negligible
Charge of protons, neutrons, electrons
Protons>positive (1+)
Neutrons>neutral (0)
Electrons>negative (1-)
Define atomic number and atomic mass
Atomic number>proton number (Number of protons in the nucleus and number of e-)
Atomic mass>nucleon number (Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom)
Isotopes
Same element:
>Same number of protons
>Different number of neutrons
Valence electrons
Outer shell of electrons
Medical uses for radioisotopes
Radiotherapy
>treat cancer
Kills germs and bacteria
>gamma rays used to sterilize medical equipment and food
Industrial uses for radioisotopes
Check for leaks
>Add radioisotopes called ‘tracers’ to the leaking pipe and detect movement of tracers using a Geiger counter
Ions
An atom with an electric charge due to the loss or gain of electrons
ion that lose electron is called a _______
Cations
ion that gain electrons is called a _______
anion
Ionic bond is between
Metal and non-metal
what is a cation
Metals lose electrons
what is an anion
Non-metals gain electrons
Covalent bond
A covalent bond forms when two non-metal atoms share a pair of electrons
Intermolecular forces
Attractive forces between molecules and ions
