Atoms and the periodic table

Question 1

What is an atom?

Answer 1

The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist. All substances are made from an atom, an atom contains and equal number of patrons and neutrons.

Question 2

What is an element?

Answer 2

Elements are made up from one type of atom. All atoms of an element have equal number of protons and neutrons.

Question 3

Protons

Answer 3

Mass = 1
Charge = + 
Location= nucleus

Question 4

Neutrons

Answer 4

Mass= 1 
Charge= 0 
Location= nucleus

Question 5

Electron

Answer 5

Mass= negligible 
Charge= -
Location= shells

Question 6

Why do atoms have no overall electrical charge?

Answer 6

because the number of positive protons and negative electrons are equal, so they cancel each other out

Question 7

What does the atomic number tell you?

Answer 7

The number of protons

Question 8

What does the mass number tell you?

Answer 8

The number of protons and neutrons.

Question 9

What’s a period?

Answer 9

The rows on a periodic table.

Question 10

3. Why do elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar properties?

Answer 10

They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.

E.g. Group 1 Alkali metals

Question 11

Describe the reaction of alkali metals with water.

Answer 11

metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 12

What happens to the reactivity of group 1 metals as you go down the group?

Answer 12

Reactivity increases

Question 13

Why are the elements in group 0 (the noble gases) are very unreactive?

Answer 13

They are unreactive because their atoms have stable arrangements of electrons. A full outer shell.