Atoms and the Periodic Table 1.2

Question 1

What are Quantum Numbers

Answer 1

They tell us where an electron is in an atom

Question 2

What are the 4 quantum numbers

Answer 2

• Principle quantum number (n)
• Angular momentum number (l)
• Magnetic quantum number (m)
• ## Spin magnetic quantum number (+1/2 or -1/2)

Question 3

What is the atomic orbital

Answer 3

Volume in a space where the probability of finding an electron is more than 90%

Question 4

What is the principle quantum number

Answer 4

Determines the main energy level. It can have values n=1,2,3,4… The numbers determine the size and energy of the shell

Question 5

What is the angular momentum quantum number

Answer 5

Determines the shape of the sub-shell and is labelled s, p, d, f.

Question 6

What is the magnetic quantum number

Answer 6

Relates to the orientation in space of the orbital, m=-l to +l

Question 7

What is the spin magnetic quantum number

Answer 7

Determines the direction of the spin. It can have values of +1/2 or -1/2

Question 8

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 8

An orbital can hold at most 2 electrons and the electrons in that orbital must have opposite spins

Question 9

What is the Aufbaus Principle

Answer 9

Electrons fill atomic orbitals in order of increasing energy

Question 10

What is the Hunds Rule

Answer 10

Electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals singly and with parallel spins before pairing (think of a bus)

Question 11

What does degenerate mean

Answer 11

Equal energy

Question 12

What is the statement about stability

Answer 12

There is a special stability associated with having an exactly half full electronic sub shell