Atoms and Reactions key terms

Question 1

What is the atomic number?

Answer 1

the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 2

What is the mass number?

Answer 2

the number of particles in the nucleus

Question 3

What is an isotope?

Answer 3

atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

Question 4

What is the relative isotopic mass?

Answer 4

the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 5

What is the relative atomic mass?

Answer 5

the weighted mean mass of an element compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 6

What is the 1st ionisation energy?

Answer 6

the energy required to move one electron form each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions

Question 7

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 7

A covalent bond is the strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of bonded atoms

Question 7

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 7

Ionic bonding is when ions are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction

Question 8

What is electronegativity?

Answer 8

Electronegativity measured the attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 9

Atomic orbital

Answer 9

A region in space around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spin

Question 10

Second ionisation energy

Answer 10

The energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous singly positive ions to form 1 mole of gaseous 2+ions