Atoms and Matter Flashcards
what are the catergories in the periodic table?
metals, non metals and metaloids
what are the rows called?
period
how many rows are there?
7
what increases as you go across the rows?
atomic number
what does each element in a period have the same number of?
occupied electron shells
what are columns called?
groups
how many groups are there?
18
what does each element in a group have the same number of?
valance electrons
what each element in a group have?
similar chemical properties
what is all matter made up of?
atom
size of atoms?
very very small
where are atoms empty space?
between the nuclues and electrons
what are atoms made up of?
subatomic particles
what are subatomic particles?
protons, nuetrons and electrons
what are the charge of protons?
positive
what are the charge of neutrons?
no charge
what are the charge of electrons?
negative
what are the two main regions of an atom?
nuclues and electron cloud
what is the nuclues?
the centre of the atom and contains the mass of an atom
what is the electronic cloud?
the regions that surrounds the nuclues and makes up most of the space.
what is contained in the nuclues?
protons and neutrons clumped together
what are nucleons?
the subatomic particles that are found in the nucloues
what gives atoms its weight?
nucleus
how do you idenitify elements?
number of protons
what are electronic shells?
the electrons orbiting around the nucleus
what does each shell have?
certain energy level
what are electrons cloud?
electrons constantly whizzing, jumping around from one energy level to the another
what is amu?
atomic mass unit
what is the mass for a proton?
1 amu
what is the mass for a neutron?
-1 amu
what is the mass for an electron
negligible mass (1/1800 amu)
