atoms and ions Flashcards
smallest unit of everything? (living and non-living)
Atoms
Parts of an atom?
nucleus (protons & neutrons), electrons
Protons are…
charged with positive 1, relative mass of 1
Neutrons are…
Neutral, relative mass of 1
Electrons…
Charged with negative 1, orbit around nucleus, very small/relative mass of 0
An equal number of protons and electrons is…
an atom (balances out charges, must always be EQUAL to count as an atom)
An unbalanced ratio of protons or electrons are…
An ion (more protons = positive ion, more electrons = negative ion)
Different types of atoms are called…
Elements
Periodic table:
Each nuclear symbol represents a different element
Atomic number:
Top left of a box/nuclear symbol, calculates total protons (and electrons, since they are always equal)
Mass number:
Top left of a box/nuclear symbol, total number of neutrons and electrons
